新課標 高二unit 14 說課
一、教材分析本單元的中心話題是“自由戰士”（freedom fighters），聽、說、讀、寫始終圍繞這一主題展開。語言知識和語言技能部分主要是圍繞“freedom fighters）這一中心話題進行設計的。課文講述了美國黑人爭取自由的歷史，從而說明自由、平等的重要性。同時也表達了對那些為自由和平等權利而獻身的勇士們的敬仰。
“熱身”（Warming up）部分設計了三個討論題，使人們對馬丁·路德·金和曼德拉這兩位為黑人自由和平等權利而斗爭的領袖人物的人生經歷有所了解，通過討論，增強對他們國家目前現狀的了解。
“聽力”（Listening）部分是在“熱身”活動的基礎上，以聽力訓練形式進一步幫助學生了解馬丁·路德·金，聽力中節選了的“I HAVE A DREAM”的部分句子。練習包括四個項目，設計多樣，生動有趣。第四題有利于培養學生用英語進行總結概括自己思想的能力。
“口語”（Speaking）部分設計了兩個問題，第一題以三人小組的活動形式，組織學生談論約翰·布朗（John Brown）和哈麗特·塔布曼（Harriet Tubman）的人生經歷，引人深思，使學生能用英語闡述自己的意見。第二題以詩歌形式出現，有利于寓教于樂，激發學生學習英語的興趣。
“讀前”（Pre-reading）設計了三道題，為進入正文學習做準備。第一題分別描述了三個國家的人民為爭取自由而進行斗爭的情形，有利于培養學生的觀察能力和語言表達能力。第二題假設一個情景，要求學生描述受到不公平待遇時的具體感受，有利于培養學生的想象能力與表達能力。第三題要求掃讀文章，對下面內容的正確性做出判斷，目的是引起學生對文章內容的思考，以便提高學生學習的自主性，同時也能訓練學生快速閱讀的技能。
“閱讀”（Reading）部分講述了馬丁·路德·金為黑人爭取平等權利的過程。教材設計的目的是在訓練學生閱讀技能的基礎上，讓他們認識到馬丁·路德·金為黑人爭取自由和平等權利而付出的艱辛苦努力。文章的主題有利于培養學生堅強的意志，樹立正確的人生觀與世界觀。
“讀后”（Post-reading）部分是在閱讀的基礎上，要求學生完成五道題目，問答題的設計由表及里、層層深入，從而幫助學生逐步加深對課文的理解。
“語言學習”（Language study）部分分詞匯和語法兩部分，詞匯部分第一題要求學生用課文中的詞填空。第二題要求學生區分各種詞類的具體用法。語法部分是復習被動語態的用法，練習緊密聯系課文，能加深學生對教材的理解。
“綜合技能”（Integrating skills）的閱讀文不僅談論人類為自由、平等而斗爭，還談到了動植物、海洋、地球，甚至機器和機器人的權利。在閱讀和討論的基礎上，要求學生寫出自己的看法。這是一個任務型的學習活動，練習生動有趣，能夠引起學生的興趣。同時讓學生在實踐中體驗“自由”的內涵，有助于提高他們的語言概括能力。（摘自教參）
二、教學目標
1、語言知識
1）詞匯（見教參）
2）句型：學習運用一些表示邏輯關系的句型
3）語法知識：復習被動語態
三、教學重點與難點
1、重點
重點詞和詞組：freedom, civil, revolution, slavery, abolish, put…into prison, racial, discrimination, join hands, set an example to , regardless of , at first sight, etc.
句型：What happened first was that …
What happened as a result of …
You could expect …because…
That led to …
One of the reasons why … is …
… is often followed by …
語法：被動語態
2、難點：如何培養學生根據閱讀材料提高寫作能力
四、教學策略
教師應從學生的生活經驗和興趣出發，在課堂教學中應設計任務型教學活動，體現以學生為主體的教學活動，讓學生在完成各項任務的過程中自主學習語言。
五、學習策略
在認知策略培養方面，引導學生進一步了解史實和具體事件，加深對種族及種族歧視、不同國家、不同歷史年代人物與事件等的認識和理解。另外，課前、課后鼓勵學生利用網絡和圖書館搜集相關資料，善于獲得學習資源，充分利用學習資源，如：進入美國著名歌曲Glory, Glory, Hallelujah; Blowing In The Wind; We Shall Overcome及文化背景網頁、斯坦福大學網頁等獲得有關馬丁-路德演說錄音和部分黑人運動歌曲。在另一方面，著重培養情感策略，激勵學生熱愛民主、平等、和平、自由、守法，積極上進、奮斗創新。
六、課時安排
Period 1：Warming-up and Listening
Period 2：Speaking
Period 3-Period 4：pre-reading, while-reading, post-reading
Period 5：Word study and Grammar
Period 6：Integrating skills.
Period 1 Warming-up & Listening
Goals:
1.Learn and master the new words and expressions in this period.
2.Talk about civil rights and freedom fighters to improve the students’ speaking ability.
3.Do some listening practice to improve the students’ listening ability.
4.Learn about some freedom fighters.
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Warming up
Task1 Free Talk
T: We are now living in a civilized world with every human race living in harmony with each other. And as a human being, what we are now paying more attention to, is the human right .
Questions : 1. Was every human race are treated equally in the past?
How about now?
2. Were the blacks treated as equal citizens? How did they get their freedom?
3. Who devoted themselves to this? Do you know any famous freedom fighters? (Show some pictures of some famous freedom fighters.)
Task2 Discussion
T: Look at the two pictures and read the notes about them.Then have a discussion in groups of four.Try to explain why they are great men and in which way struggle was an important part in the lives of these men.
Step2 Listening
Pre-Task
T: From the discussion we had just now,we know that in 1993 Martin Luther King,Jr. gave a famous speech—“I have a dream”.Have you ever listened to it? ( Get the students to go through the exercises on Page 25 and Page 26 first. And the play the tape for the first time.)
While-listening:
Questions: What kind of talk did Martin Luther King, Jr give?
What was his talk about? When did he give this talk?
1. Listen for the first time with the book closed
2. Listen again with the book open and individually answer the questions and complete the blanks.
3. Check the answers in pairs.
Post-listening questions:
As freedom fighters, Martin Luther King was murdered and Nelson Mandela was put in prison for about 30 years.
Do you think it is worthy-while?
Why do you think so?
Step3 Summary
T: In this period, we have talked about two distinguished freedom fighters Martin Luther King,Jr. and Nelson Mandela. And we have also listened to the famous speech—I have a dream. There is no doubt that civil right is very important for everyone, to know more things about is surely necessary.
Step4 Homework
a. Go overl all the new words and expressions that occur in this unit.
b. Finish the exercise Talk on the workbook.
c. Search some information about the history of American Civil War , John Brown and the evolution of civil right.
Period 2 Speaking
Step 1 Revision
Students retell about the two famous leaders Martin Luther King and Nelson Mandela, using the information in Warming Up. And students collect information about how the situation has been improved by their struggle.
Step 2 Pre-speaking
The teacher writes the information about the years in Warming Up on the blackboard and raise questions as below:
T: Could you tell us what happened when in 1955?
S: Yes, of course. King graduated and organized his first actions in 1955.
T: What happened in the year of 1957?
S: He formed an organization.
T: What happened as a result of that?
S: They carried out movement. / He became one of the leaders.
That led to the freedom fighting.
S1: What happened to N. Mandela during 1962-1989? What are the reasons?
S2: One of the reasons why …is that he…
S1: What led to his success?
S2: His peaceful action led to his success.
(Teachers use the new expressions on Page 27. Pay attention to the Language Input.
We can change the practice into a filling form if it is too difficult for some students.)
Step 3 Speaking
1. Watch the video (from the film Gone with the wind).
Talk about the situation when in American Civil War. The picture below
is one about a battle.
Some other pictures and Questions:
What was the life of the slaves like ?
How was the life of the whites in the south ?
Are there some people fighting against slavery?
Did people find good ideas to save the poor slaves? They took actions.
fighting struggles demonstration
↘ ↓ ↙
Saving slaves
↗ ↑ ↖
wars escaping making laws
(In addition: The civil war of American broke up slavery, and later brought about rapid development of industry . )
2. Practice
Now read the notes about John Brown and Harriet Tubman. Ask them to tell about the two great freedom fighters.
Use the expressions of Page 27 to make up some dialogues in pairs . Then teachers get some pairs to act out the dialogues in front of the class.
To help the students grasp the information , we can use the years or some verbs :
John Brown: in 1800; in the 1840s; in the 1850s ; in 1855
Harriet Tubman: worked as a slave; escaped; joined; saved; fought; opened
Step 4 Post-speaking
1. Talking
If time permits, get students to finish the task of talking ------
What’s your opinion to slavery?
What do you think of John Brown / Harriet Tubman?
(or: is his struggle important to the situation/ improvent? ; notes: their fighting is quite different from King’s or Mandela’s, while they . They fought to create a safe area for black people. )
How did John Brown die? ----- He was killed by the slave owners/ farmers who wanted to keep slavery.