鴻門宴
第6課
一、實(shí)詞
1.通假字
(1)成五采:________________
(2)距關(guān),毋內(nèi)諸侯:________________
(3)張良出,要項(xiàng)伯:________________
(4)愿伯具言臣之不敢倍德也:________________
(5)旦日不可不蚤自來(lái)謝項(xiàng)王:________________
(6)令將軍與臣有郤:________________
(7)因擊沛公于坐:________________
點(diǎn)撥 (1)“采”通“彩”,色彩。(2)“距”通“拒”,把守;“內(nèi)”通“納”,接納。(3)“要”通“邀”,邀請(qǐng)。(4)“倍”通“背”,背叛。(5)“蚤”通“早”,早些。(6)“郤”通“隙”,隔閡。(7)“坐”通“座”,座位。
2.古今異義
(1)沛公居山東時(shí)
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
(2)沛公奉卮酒為壽,約為婚姻
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
(3)所以遣將守關(guān)者
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
(4)備他盜之出入與非常也
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
(5)將軍戰(zhàn)河北
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
(6)臣戰(zhàn)河南
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
(7)再拜獻(xiàn)大王足下
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
(8)秦時(shí)與臣游
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
(9)亡去不義
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
點(diǎn)撥 (1)古義:指崤山以東;今義:指我國(guó)的一個(gè)省份,山東省。(2)古義:兒女親家,女方之父為婚,男方之父為姻;今義:結(jié)婚的事,因結(jié)婚而產(chǎn)生的夫妻關(guān)系。(3)古義:因果關(guān)系中表原因的連詞;今義:因果關(guān)系中表結(jié)果的連詞。(4)古義:意外的變故;今義:副詞,很。(5)古義:黃河以北;今義:河北省。(6)古義:黃河以南;今義:河南省。(7)古義:拜兩次;今義:又一次拜。(8)古義:交往;今義:游玩。(9)古義:離開(kāi);今義:前往某地。
3.一詞多義
(1)謝旦日不可不蚤自來(lái)謝項(xiàng)王 噲拜謝,起,立而飲之 乃令張良留謝