Body language

教學(xué)目標(biāo)

I.重點詞匯：
manage; wave; nod; realize; agreement, disagreement; while, manners; communicate; make sb….;body language; one another; not all…
II.日常交際用語：
1).請求
May / Could / Can I do that?
I wonder if I can do that.
Would / Do you mind if I come earlier?
Will you tell me if can go now?
2).允許
Yes, please. / Of course. / Sure. / Certainly.
Go ahead, please.
That’s all right. / OK.
It’s all right to me.
3).拒絕
I’m sorry, but it’s not allowed here.
You’d better not.
I’m afraid not. It’s not right.
III.語法：
復(fù)習(xí)動詞不定式作賓語、定語、表語和狀語。

教學(xué)建議

對話分析
This lesson is to use offer help and how to accept and refuse help. While the Ss learn about the way of expression from the dialogue. Give some phrases to practise how to use and grasp better the ability.

課文分析
This two materials about body language and train the Ss' abilities of reading and speaking. Though reading the passages, the main idea is to have difference body languages of the countries. For example; welcome, agreement and disagreement, no, yes, happy, so on. Meanwhile the two passages offer the Ss the opportunity to talk about the body language of China , British and other counties.

教學(xué)建議
The teacher give the Ss the questions bout the dialogue firstly. For example: If you need some help , how do you offer them to help? So on.
The teacher help the Ss to listen in order to understand well, after that the Ss speak and talk each other according the content of the dialogue., So the teacher organize some students to play a role about offers, or divide a few groups to discuss. Finally the teacher summarize the useful expression of the dialogue.

重點知識講解
accept與receive的用法
1）accept用作動詞，意為“接受”，指經(jīng)過考慮，由主觀意志來決定接受，動作者本身是主動的。例如：
He couldn't accept our suggestions but our gifts.他們不能接受我們建議但接受了我們的禮品。
She was very glad to accept the invitation.她非常愉快地接受了邀請。
2)receive也是作動詞，意為“接到”，指收到某物這一動作，本身有一定的被動性，不包含本身是否愿意接受的意思。
He did not receive a good education at university.他沒在大學(xué)受過良好教育。
I received an invitation to the party yesterday, but I refused to accept it.昨天我接到一份參加晚會的邀請，但我拒絕了接受。

each other與one another
這是兩個在詞義和用法上極為接近的短語。有些語法家認為：each other只能用于兩者之間；one another只能用于兩者以上。但是，在現(xiàn)代英語的實際使用中，人們會發(fā)現(xiàn)：each other也可用于“兩者以上”；one another也可用于“兩者之間”。
I think music is one way people can get to know each other better.
The husband and wife sat down at the table facing one another.
each other和one another可交互使用。但one another側(cè)重兩以上的互相；而each other則側(cè)重兩人之間的互相較為常見。

manage to do sth.和try to do sth. 用法區(qū)別
try to do sth. 意思是“盡力，設(shè)法去做某事”，結(jié)果如何，不得而知，而manage to do sth.,則表示“設(shè)法做成了某事”
Jim had a lot of homework, but he managed to finish it before bedtime.吉姆有很多家庭作業(yè) ，但終于在睡覺前完成了。
Jim had a lot of homework, but he said he would try to finish it before bedtime.吉姆有很多家庭作業(yè) ，他說他他將設(shè)法在睡覺前完成。
manage還表示“經(jīng)營，管理”的意思
She managed the house very well.她把家管得很好。
Who will manage the store when you are away? 你不在的時候誰來經(jīng)營商店？
與can或could連用，意為“能辦好某件難事”，口語中還可作“吃，渡過”解
It's too heavy, but I can manage it.雖然它很重，但是我能搬動。
I don't think we can manage a huge fish like that just between the two of us.我看單是我們兩個人吃不了這么大的一條魚。
If you can get the material, we can manage the money.如果你們搞到了原料，資金我們能想辦法。

all與not連用構(gòu)成not all或all...not時，通常表達的是一種部分否定，而不是全部否定，因此，課文中的“Not all body language means the same thing in different countries.”應(yīng)當(dāng)譯成：“并非所有的身勢語在不同的國家里都有相同的意思。”本句陳述了一個這樣的事實：有些身勢語在不同的國家有著相同的意思；在有些國家有些身勢語卻有著不同的意思。因此，上述句子不可以理解成：“所有身勢語在不同的國家都有著不同的意思。”
1) 部分否定：
（1）Not all the boys in our class like football.我們班里的男生并不都喜歡踢足球。
（2）Not all of the songs are liked by children.不是所有這些歌曲都讓孩子們喜歡。
2) 全部否定
（1）None of the boys in our class likes football.
或：No boys in our class like football. 我們班的男生都不喜歡足球。
（2）None of the songs is/are liked by children. 這些歌都不能讓孩子們喜歡。

介詞with后面可接一個復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即：介詞with+賓語+賓語補足語。常在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中充當(dāng)賓語補足語的有：現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、名詞、形容詞，副詞等。
（1）with+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞
With an old hunter leading the way, the soldiers started towards the forest. 由一位老豬人帶路，士兵們朝著森林走去。
（2）with+賓語+過去分詞
1）With the problems solved, they closed the meeting. 隨著問題的解決，他們結(jié)束了這次會議。
（3）with+賓語+形容詞（或副詞）
My father likes to sleep with all the window open.我父親喜歡開著所有窗子睡覺。
Tian An Men Square looks even more beautiful with all lights on. 所有的燈都亮著，天安門廣場顯得更加漂亮。
（4）with + 賓語 + 不定式
With a lot of work to do, we had to be busy working day and night. 有這么多的工作要做，我們只得日夜忙碌。
With many things to deal with, I have to stop listening to the light music. 有許多事要處理，我只好停止收聽輕音樂。
（5）with + 賓語 +介詞短語
She saw a small river with green grass and red flowers on both sides. 她看到一條小河，兩岸長滿了紅花綠草。
注意：“with+復(fù)合賓語”在句中既可以用作狀語表示方式或伴隨動作，又可以用作定語。
The teacher entered the classroom, with a book in his hand. 老師手里拿了一本書走進了教室。
The teacher with a book in his hand is a new English teacher. 手里拿著一本書的那位老師是一位新來的英語老師。

句型：It is / was + adj. / n. +真正的主語
常用此句型的形容詞有：clear, true, strange, obvious, (im) possible, (um) fortunate, good, funny, wonderful, (un) usual, pleasant, easy等；常用此句型的名詞有：a pity, a wonder, one's duty, a mistake, no use, no good, a waste等。
真正的主語有三種：
1）用for或of引起的短語作不定式的邏輯主語,如for sb. to do sth. 或of sb. to do sth.
It's important for a Chinese to master a foreign language.
It's impolite of you to spit on the ground.
2）在no use, no good, a waste of...useless等詞后，常用v.-ing(短語)作真正的主語
It's no use trying it again.
3）由that或連接代（或副）詞引導(dǎo)的從句作真正的主語
It's strange that you should all think like that.
It's a problem whether the meeting will be held tomorrow.

動詞不定式的主要功能
（1）作主語：To see one time is better than to hear a hundred times.
注：不定式作主語時，常用it代替之作形式主語，而不定式移置句子后部，以保持句子的平衡。不定式（短語）用作主語時，其后的謂語的動詞要用單數(shù)。
e.g. It is a great honour for him to be invited to the big party.
（2）作表語：A nurse's duty is to look after patients.
（3）作賓語：I don't know which one to buy.
Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language.
（4）作定語：She is always the first to come and last to leave the classroom.
Give me some paper to write on, please.
注：不定式常作后置定語。不及物動詞的不定式作定語，要加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。
（5）作狀語：The pupils ran over to welcome the foreign guests. (表目的)
What have I said to make you so sad? (表結(jié)果的)
The children jumped with joy to hear the exciting news. (表原因)
（6）作賓補：I wish you to be happy forever.
注：在watch, notice, see, look at, observe, hear, listen to, feel, let, make, have等感觀和使役動詞后的不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式都不帶to; 在help后既可帶to,亦可省to.
e.g. In those days, the landlord made them work day and night.
這種句子如果變成被動語態(tài)，需將to補回。
e.g. In those days, they were made to work day and night.

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