夫子廟導游詞范文（精選15篇）
夫子廟導游詞范文 篇1
南京夫子廟，常簡稱夫子廟，是一座位于南京市秦淮河北岸貢院街的孔廟。“夫子”是孔子弟子對孔子的尊稱。目前以夫子廟為中心、廟市街景合一的秦淮風光景區是集文化、旅游、購物、服務等功能于一體的文化活動中心。附近有夫子廟小學。
夫子廟景區的古建筑群由孔廟、學宮、江南貢院等組成，六朝至明清時，世家大族多聚于夫子廟一帶，素有“六朝金粉地”之稱，為江南文化樞紐之地，是秦淮風光的核心地帶。夫子廟街市是中國著名的傳統古街市。每年的春節至元宵節期間在夫子廟舉行的金陵燈會是南京春節最重要的活動之一。
夫子廟始建于宋景祐元年(1034年)，由東晉學宮舊址擴建而成，稱文宣王廟。南宋建炎時為兵火所毀，紹興年間重建，為建康府學，同時建科舉考場江南貢院;元朝為集慶路學，明初為國子監，后為應天府學;清朝成為江寧、上元兩縣縣學，同治八年(1869年)重建之后，于1937年遭侵華日軍焚燒而嚴重損毀。
1984年，市、區人民政府為保護古都文化遺產，經有關專家科學論證和規劃，幾度撥專款，歷數年的精心維修和復建。如今的夫子廟已煥然一新，再展輝煌。被譽為秦淮名勝而成為古城南京的特色景觀區，也是蜚聲中外的旅游勝地。1991年被國家評為“中國旅游勝地四十佳”之一。
夫子廟前以秦淮河為泮池，北岸由整石雕琢成的石欄建于明正德九年(1520xx年)，是南京夫子廟保留最完好的古代建筑;南岸石磚墻為照壁，建于明萬歷三年(1575年)，長110米，高10米;北岸廟前有聚星亭、思樂亭;中軸線上有欞星門、大成門、大成殿、明德堂、尊經閣;廟東有魁星閣。
夫子廟導游詞范文 篇2
南京夫子廟即孔廟，始建于宋景祐元年(公元1034年)，由東晉學宮擴建而成，位于秦淮河北岸的貢院街旁。夫子廟建筑群主要由孔廟、學宮、江南貢院薈萃而成，是秦淮風光的精華。
孔廟富有明清色彩。它以大成殿為中心，從照壁至衛山南南京《夫子廟》北成一條中軸線，左右建筑對稱配列，占地廣約26300平方米。四周圍以高墻，配以門坊、角樓。
中心廟院：院內植有銀杏八棵，古燈對稱有致，中間一條筆直的石砌甬道通向大成殿前的丹墀，此丹墀是祭孔時舉行樂舞的地方，正中豎立一尊青銅孔子塑像，高4.18米、重2500公斤，是全國最大的孔子青銅像。
大成殿：夫子廟的主殿，高16.22米，闊28.1米，深21.7米。殿內正中懸掛一幅全國最大的孔子畫像，高6.50米、寬3.15米。殿內陳設仿制2520xx年前的編鐘、編磬等十五種古代祭孔樂器，定期進行古曲、雅樂演奏，演出反映明人祭孔禮儀的大型明代祭孔樂舞，使觀眾聽到春秋時代的“鐘鼓之樂”、“琴瑟之聲”，展現二千多年前另古樂風貌。大殿四周是孔子業績圖壁畫，形神并具。
文化藝術展：中心廟院碑廊里陳列著被譽為“中華一絕”的雨花石展覽。大成殿內也經常籌辦其他歷史文物和藝術品展，宣傳中華民族的悠久文化。
從大成殿后門走出，即進入學宮參觀區。學宮是科舉時代本省學子讀書的最高學府，為使士子接受教化，漸知遵循先圣先賢之道，所以學宮總是和孔廟建在一起。作為江蘇古代文教中心的學宮位于大成殿后，以明德堂、尊經閣為主體，“東南第一學”門匾由清末狀元秦大士題寫。
夫子廟導游詞范文 篇3
夫子廟是供奉和祭祀我國古代著名的大思想家、教育家孔子的廟宇。它作為古城南京秦淮名勝蜚聲中外，是國內外游人向往的游覽勝地。南京夫子廟即孔廟，原來是供奉和祭祀孔子的地方。夫子廟始建于宋，南京夫子廟位于秦淮河北岸的貢院街旁。夫子廟以廟前的秦淮河為泮池，南岸的石磚墻為照壁，全長110米，高20米，是全國照壁之最。人們通常所說的夫子廟，實際包括夫子廟、學宮和貢院主大建筑群，是中國四大文廟之一。
夫子廟的建筑富有明清色彩。它以大成殿為中心，從照壁至衛山南北成一條中軸線，左右建筑對稱配列，占地廣約26300平方米。四周圍以高墻，配以門坊、角樓。
這里既是歷史文物建筑，又是反映南京風土人情、弘揚民族文化的博物館。自1984年復建以來接待游客60多萬人。在這里，春有金陵燈會;夏有民俗文化廟會和“秦淮之夏”納涼晚會;秋有美食節、文化節、祭孔活動和菊展。
夫子廟地區是南京小吃的發源地，早在六朝時期，就成了全市的小吃中心。明清及至民國政府時期，隨著秦淮燈船的興起而更加繁華，小小的夫子廟地區，大大小小有20家小吃店，成了南京小吃集大成之地。名店有奎光閣、新奇芳閣、蔣有記、雪園、永和園、六鳳居、五鳳居、德順居、龍門居等。還有一家風味獨特的月來閣，是泊在秦淮河上的一條畫舫。
雪園、永和園的小籠包子，皮薄、餡大、鹵多，每只折紋20多道，蟹黃包子更加鮮美。新奇芳閣供應的菜包、酥油燒餅、甜豆沙包、雞面、干絲、春卷，風味獨特。抗戰勝利后，蔣有記、六鳳居和小巴黎，合稱為夫子廟三家。蔣有記以善制牛肉鍋貼名噪金陵;六鳳居以豆腐腦、蔥油餅著稱;小巴黎以女侍招客，頗有洋風。
從1987年12月起，在全市每年舉辦一次美食月，后發展為一年舉辦兩次食品節。這種食品節，有組織，有計劃，力量集中，聲勢浩大，美食成批，風味獨特，吸引了眾多的食客。食品節期間，實行開放式經營，邀請北京、天津、南京、成都、昆山、無錫、揚州、鎮江等地的名師，來夫子廟獻藝。夫子廟風味小吃深受海內外游客喜愛，有19個品種獲得了省級和部級獎勵或榮譽稱號。游覽夫子廟、品嘗夫子廟小吃后欣然題詞“十里秦淮，千年流淌，六朝勝地，今更輝煌。”
夫子廟導游詞范文 篇4
南京夫子廟，常簡稱夫子廟，是一座位于南京市秦淮河北岸貢院街的孔廟。“夫子”是孔子弟子對孔子的尊稱。目前以夫子廟為中心、廟市街景合一的秦淮風光景區是集文化、旅游、購物、服務等功能于一體的文化活動中心。附近有夫子廟小學。
夫子廟景區的古建筑群由孔廟、學宮、江南貢院等組成，六朝至明清時，世家大族多聚于夫子廟一帶，素有“六朝金粉地”之稱，為江南文化樞紐之地，是秦淮風光的核心地帶。夫子廟街市是中國著名的傳統古街市。每年的春節至元宵節期間在夫子廟舉行的金陵燈會是南京春節最重要的活動之一。
夫子廟始建于宋景佑元年(1034年)，由東晉學宮舊址擴建而成，稱文宣王廟。南宋建炎時為兵火所毀，紹興年間重建，為建康府學，同時建科舉考場江南貢院;元朝為集慶路學，明初為國子監，后為應天府學;清朝成為江寧、上元兩縣縣學，同治八年(1869年)重建之后，于1937年遭侵華日軍焚燒而嚴重損毀。
1984年，市、區人民政府為保護古都文化遺產，經有關專家科學論證和規劃，幾度撥專款，歷數年的精心維修和復建。如今的夫子廟已煥然一新，再展輝煌。被譽為秦淮名勝而成為古城南京的特色景觀區，也是蜚聲中外的旅游勝地。1991年被國家評為“中國旅游勝地四十佳”之一。
夫子廟前以秦淮河為泮池，北岸由整石雕琢成的石欄建于明正德九年(1520_年)，是南京夫子廟保留最完好的古代建筑;南岸石磚墻為照壁，建于明萬歷三年(1575年)，長110米，高10米;北岸廟前有聚星亭、思樂亭;中軸線上有欞星門、大成門、大成殿、明德堂、尊經閣;廟東有魁星閣。
江蘇的夫子廟導游詞3
各位游客，我們現在就來到了夫子廟。“六朝金粉地，十里秦淮河”，指的就是南京城南夫子廟地區的秦淮河風光帶，自六朝起，這里就是居民商業集中地，為古都繁華地帶。
我們現在站的地方是文德橋，這里有著名奇觀“文德半月”，秦淮河水從我們腳下緩緩渡過，“十里秦淮”就是指東水關至西水關的水道。
夫子廟又稱孔廟、文廟。它是祭祀我國古代著名的思想家、教育家孔子的地方。因為孔子在古代被人尊稱為孔夫子，所以孔廟被稱為“夫子廟”。它集旅游、休閑、文化、商業為一體，展現了六朝古都的風貌。
整個夫子廟建筑以大成殿為中心，從照壁至衛山，都是在一條南北中樞線上成方位對稱的格局，具有典型的中國傳統建筑風格。
文德橋之所以有半邊月的奇景，是因為它與子午線的方向是一致的。大家向東看，有一堵紅墻，經建于明代萬歷年間，是全國最大的照壁，長110米，照壁起著遮蔽和裝飾作用。
這是盼池，當時文人洗墨之處，也是失火取水之處。
池的東邊是魁星閣，魁在古代是保佑文人高中的星宿，有“魁星點斗，獨占鰲頭”之說。池的西邊是聚星亭，是天下群星聚集的地方，盼池的北邊是一個牌坊，這就是“天下文樞”坊，四個字意指天下文化聚集的中心。
游客們，我們穿過六柱三門的欞星門，就來到了大成門，在左右各有兩塊石碑，這就是“孔子問禮圖碑”，上面刻有孔子從山東到南京向老子虛心請教的情景，蹬上露臺，我們可以看到一尊孔子青銅雕像，高4.18米，這是我國最高的孔子銅像。在銅像之后就是孔廟的主體建筑大成殿，現在我們就到殿內看一看。
首先，我們看到的是一幅孔子巨幅畫像，它高6.5米，寬3.15米，是我國最大的孔子畫像，畫像前是孔子四位門生的漢白玉雕像。
殿內有38幅由翡翠、瑪瑙、黃金、雞血石為材料制作的“孔子圣跡圖”，它描述了孔子一生的生平事跡。
穿過大成殿來到學宮，這里是當年秀才學習的地方，學宮的主體建筑是“明德堂”是南宋民族英雄文天袢所題，德指“忠信，忠于國家，取信于民”。
明德堂前有一鐘亭，內有禮運鐘，還有一鼓亭，內有圣音鼓，是為紀念孔子2550周年所建，在明德堂后面還有尊經閣、崇圣祠、青云樓等。
大成殿外東西兩側是東西市，是當時進行商品買賣的地方，它充分展現了明末清初街市風貌，所以夫子廟特色還在于廟市合一。
夫子廟導游詞范文 篇5
各位游客：現在我們來到了秦淮河畔，河中的畫防都是仿照明代建筑風格制造的，船頭掛有大紅彩球和紅燈籠。每當元宵節南京人習慣來這里游玩賞燈。這種風氣在明代就已盛行，據說明朝建都后，朱元津微服巡察京城。當他來到秦淮河畔，看到兩岸綠樹成蔭，河水清澈，亭臺樓閣，風景宜人，隨口說了句：“惜河中缺游船。”皇帝開了金口，左右就連夜差人趕造畫舫，以博取皇帝歡心。從此，秦淮畫訪成了這里的一大特色。尤其到了中秋佳節時分，更是河上水燈萬盞齊放，兩岸龍燈飛舞，歌聲、鼓聲、歡聲、笑聲，連綿不絕，通宵達旦，真可謂“秦淮燈火甲天下”。難怪南京有“家家走橋，人人看燈”的民諺。
我們眼前的這段秦淮河，自宋以后就成了夫子廟(孔廟)成泮池，又稱月牙他。古時候皇帝講學的學宮叫辟雍，諸侯講學成學宮叫泮宮，夫子廟的學宮相當于諸侯講學的地方，所以這池稱“泮池”。泮池上一般建有三座石橋，按等級而論，縣官、學官走中間一座，秀才走兩邊的橋。相傳古時候有位秀才誤上中橋，有犯上作亂之罪，進退兩難，只好自己跳進了泮池。
再請各位看河對岸的一段朱紅色石磚墻，這就是夫子廟的照壁。照壁建于明萬歷三年(歷澤年)，長達110米，為全們照壁之冠。各位游客：這座夫子廟始建于東晉成帝咸康三年(337年)，當時成帝采納了王導的建議：“治國以培育人才為重”，決定立大學于秦淮河畔。原來只建有學宮，孔廟是宋仁宗景拍元年(1034年)在學富基礎上擴建而成的。所以夫子廟是一個由文教中心演變而成的繁華鬧市，它包括夫子廟、學宮和貢院三大主要建筑群，其范圍南臨秦淮河北岸，北抵建康路東端，東起姚家巷，西止四福巷，規模龐大。夫子廟雖屢遭破壞，但各代都加以興修擴建，到清末民初，其樓閣、殿宇的結構和布局堪稱東南之冠。現在的夫子廟建筑，～部分是清代末年重建的，一部分是近幾年重建的。請大家回頭看，這座樓閣式建筑，叫做奎星閣，它初建于清乾隆年間。這座臨街傍水的建筑曾兩次被毀，1985年重建。
現在我們來到了清代開辟的廟前廣場，廣場東西兩端豎有兩塊碑，高有一丈許，上面刻有滿漢兩種文字“文武大臣至此下馬”，表示對圣人孔子的崇敬。左側的這座六角重檐亭子叫“聚星亭”，“聚星”取群星集中，人才薈萃之意。建于明萬歷十四年(1586年)，也曾幾經興廢，到清同治八年(1869年)才由江寧鄉賢朱芙峰等人籌資重建。這是一座在日軍炮火中惟一幸存的清代建筑，可惜在1968年被當作“四舊”拆除，1983年又得以重建，恢復了原來的風貌。廣場正中的這座牌坊，叫“天下文樞坊”。請大家繼續隨我往前走。這座門叫欞星門，這是孔廟的廟門。據傳榻星是天上主管教化的星宿，他得人方便高興。門是石結構的，六柱三門，建于明成化十六年(1480年)，后來被毀，又于清同治九年(1870年)重建。不過，現在所見到的極星門是1983年再次重建的。極星門東西兩側便是東市、西市。
夫子廟導游詞范文 篇6
今天，我將帶大家到秦淮河、夫子廟去游覽。秦淮河旅游區，位于南京老城區城南，從市區出發，坐汽車約需20分鐘才能到達。它是一個以夫子廟為中心，集游覽、購物、品嘗風味于一體，展示古城風貌和民族風情的旅游地。
秦淮河的由來和歷史變遷
秦淮河，是一條曾對古城南京的政治、經濟、文化發展起過重要作用的河流。相傳秦淮河是秦始皇下令開鑿的一條人工運河。秦始皇東巡會稽，經過南京時，為方便船只行駛，曾下令開鑿方山，使淮水與長江溝通，因而這段河道得名"秦淮河"。但據地質考察證明，秦淮河是一條歷史悠久的天然河流，當時這條古老的河流確是曾從方山經過，但由于地理變遷，河流改道，逐漸形成了現在的河道。歷史上的秦淮河，河道寬綽。自五代吳王楊行密在長干橋一帶筑石頭城以后，河道開始變窄，并被分隔成內、外"秦淮"。內秦淮河由東水關人城，經夫子廟，再由水西門南的西水關出城與外秦淮河匯合。河流全長10公里，這就是古往今來令無數文人墨客為之贊美傾倒、尋跡訪蹤的"十里秦淮"了。唐朝大詩人李白、劉禹錫、杜牧等都曾為她寫下詩篇，孔尚任的《桃花扇》和吳敬樣的《儒林外史》中，也都對"十里秦淮"有過生動的描寫。古老的秦淮河與流經南京城北的長江相比，顯得十分渺小，但是它與南京城的誕生、發展，以及南京地區的政治、經濟、文化發展有著極其密切的關系。早在五六千年前的新石器時代，這里已有人類繁衍生息。迄今為止，沿河兩岸發現的原始村落遺跡多達五六十處。六朝和明初封建朝廷一直把它作為都城的一道天然屏障和皇宮所需的天然通道。東吳孫權定都建業(南京)后，曾在秦淮河兩岸作"柵塘"，既可御敵，又可防洪。從六朝時起，夫子廟一帶的秦淮河兩岸已是居民密集、市井相連的繁華之地，秦淮河充當了南京地區對外貿易的主要航道，河中舟船穿梭，一派繁榮。據說，舊時的秦淮河兩岸歌樓酒肆林立，河房水閣爭奇斗艷，游艇畫防燈火通明，富豪貴族在這里過著尋歡作樂、紙醉金迷的生活，清代戲劇家孔尚任在《桃花扇》中描寫的不畏權貴的名妓李香君，她就居住在秦淮河南岸的文德橋畔。美麗的秦淮河曾流淌過蠻荒時代的寂寞，六朝以來的繁華和奢靡，舊社會的污垢和勞動人民的血淚，然而，今天的秦淮河，經過了歷史的沉淀和人民的改造，已散發著健康文明的馨香，展現了清澈動人的風姿。它是南京歷史的見證，難怪人們慣于把"秦淮"當作南京的代名詞。
夫子廟導游詞范文 篇7
Located in the south of Jiankang road in Nanjing City, it mainly refers tothe Confucius Temple, Xuegong and Gongyuan, but the streets around these threebuildings are traditionally called Confucius Temple. In the area of about 0.5square kilometers from pingjiangfu road in the east to Zhanyuan road in thewest, there are more than 300 shopping malls and shops, 2 cinemas and manyhotels and amusement parks, etc., and there is an underground commercial streetof about 10000 square meters underground. It can be said that Confucius Templeis a multi-functional service center integrating tourism, culture, commerce,catering and entertainment. More than 150000 people attended the festival,especially during the Jinling Lantern Festival. In 337, the Prime Minister WangDao built a school Palace on the North Bank of the Qinhuai River, which is theearliest building of Confucius Temple.
In 1032, Emperor Renzong built Confucius Temple and Confucius Temple infront of the Academy. Later, it was destroyed several times and rebuilt severaltimes due to war. The present building was rebuilt in 1984. It reproduces thestyle and landscape of Jiangnan market in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. ConfuciusTemple is a place for offering sacrifices to Confucius, covering an area of26300 square meters. Zhaobi is located on the South Bank of Qinhuai River. It is10 meters high and 110 meters long. The top of the wall is covered with smallcylinder green tiles and the four corners are slightly tilted. Its length is thelongest in China.
There is a crescent shaped panchi on the north bank and a row of carvedstone railings built in the Ming Dynasty on the bank. On the east side of thestone fence is kuiken pavilion with three floors and six flying angles; on thenorth side is Wenshu square with four pillars and three gates, with four goldcharacters "Tianxia Wenshu" engraved in the middle; on the west side is Juxingpavilion with double eaves and carved ridge flying angles, and in front ofDacheng gate is Lingxing gate with six pillars and three gates. The buildingshere all have the word "Star", which means that the stars of the world aregathered here. Dachengmen is an ancient building with a beam and a bucket. Ithas a Dragon Ridge and three doors standing side by side. Each door has 45 studsand a faucet ring. On the left and right sides of the gate stand four stonetablets of the Southern Qi, yuan and Song Dynasties, and on both sides of theinner courtyard are corridors connecting the Dacheng hall. Dacheng hall is themain building of Confucius Temple. It is 16.2 meters high, 27.3 meters wide and20.9 meters deep. It has seven Ying double eaves, four slopes and five ridges.The standing carving of dragon and pearl on the main ridge is the first inChina. With 56 huge stones in the hall, it is majestic and spectacular. In frontof the hall, the bronze statue of Confucius in Danlong, 4.18 meters high, is thehighest in China. Outside the walls on both sides of the East and West are theEast and West markets carefully planned and designed according to the style ofthe Ming and Qing Dynasties, mainly dealing in antique jade, four treasures ofthe study, famous calligraphy and paintings and tourist souvenirs. Located atthe back of Dacheng hall, the academy is composed of Mingde hall, ZunjingPavilion, Chongsheng temple, Qingyun tower and other buildings. It is thehighest Academy in ancient state capital. Mingde hall is the main hall of theAcademy, which is now a playground.
From Wenshufang to the East, you can see a square three story woodenstructure building with a bucket arch and cornice Mingyuan building. It is thecentral building of the former Jiangnan Gongyuan. It is the place to monitorexaminees and issue orders during examinations. On both sides of the courtyardbehind the building are the imperial examination houses of the Ming and QingDynasties. The house is about 1.5 meters long and wide. There are only twoboards on the top and the bottom, with tables on the top and benches on thebottom. The examinees eat, drink and sleep in this narrow space for a few days.All the food they bring in should be checked, and even the steamed bread shouldbe cut to prevent cheating. In its heyday, Jiangnan Gongyuan covered an area ofmore than 70000 square meters, with 20644 houses, the largest scale of Gongyuanin China. Mingyuanlou is now known as "Jiangnan Gongyuan site", which is aprovincial cultural relic protection unit. The Confucius Temple in history usedto be an abnormal bustling city, especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, whenit opened in autumn, tens of thousands of candidates (up to 20000 people)gathered here, so bookstores, teahouses and inns came into being, andrestaurants and brothels also proliferated. At that time, some streets andalleys on the South Bank of the Qinhuai River were the "gentle townships" and"gold selling caves" for the children of rich families. There were also manyfamous prostitutes, such as Li Xiangjun and Dong Xiaowan, known as "Qinhuaieight beauties". Today, Meixiang building is rebuilt at 38 chaoku street, whichis open to visitors as Li Xiangjun's former residence.
Wu Jingzi, a famous writer in Qing Dynasty, once lived on the Bank ofQinhuai River. After 19 years, he wrote a famous book "scholars' history" whichcriticized the imperial examination system. On the site of his former residence,Qinhuai Water Pavilion, a building of the style of river hall and river house inMing and Qing Dynasties has been built, which is called "Qinhuai family" hotel.There are folk activities such as antique wedding and so on. At present, morethan 100 kinds of traditional snacks have been discovered. With foreign fastfood such as KFC and McDonald's, visitors can enjoy them. Jinling LanternFestival is even more famous. It's called the Lantern Festival on the 12th andthe Lantern Festival on the 18th of the first month of the lunar calendar. Infact, since the beginning of the new year, people have been buying, selling andwatching lanterns. There are dozens of colorful lanterns, which make peopledazzled and confused.
夫子廟導游詞范文 篇8
各位游客。
在昨天的游程中，我為大家安排游覽了中山陵、明孝陵、靈谷寺，總統府舊址等名勝古跡。
今天，我將帶大家到秦淮河、夫子廟去游覽。
秦淮河旅游區，位于南京老城區城南，從市區出發，坐汽車約需20分鐘才能到達。
它是一個以夫子廟為中心，集游覽、購物、品嘗風味于一體，展示古城風貌和民族風情的旅游地。
【秦淮河的由來和歷史變遷】
秦淮河，是一條曾對古城南京的政治、經濟、文化發展起過重要作用的河流。
相傳秦淮河是秦始皇下令開鑿的一條人工運河。
秦始皇東巡會稽，經過南京時，為方便船只行駛，曾下令開鑿方山，使淮水與長江溝通，因而這段河道得名“秦淮河”。
但據地質考察證明，秦淮河是一條歷史悠久的天然河流，當時這條古老的河流確是曾從方山經過，但由于地理變遷，河流改道，逐漸形成了現在的河道。
歷史上的秦淮河，河道寬綽。
自五代吳王楊行密在長干橋一帶筑石頭城以后，河道開始變窄，并被分隔成內、外“秦淮”。
內秦淮河由東水關人城，經夫子廟，再由水西門南的西水關出城與外秦淮河匯合。
河流全長10公里，這就是古往今來令無數文人墨客為之贊美傾倒、尋跡訪蹤的“十里秦淮”了。
唐朝大詩人李白、劉禹錫、杜牧等都曾為她寫下詩篇，孔尚任的《桃花扇》和吳敬樣的《儒林外史》中，也都對“十里秦淮”有過生動的描寫。
古老的秦淮河與流經南京城北的長江相比，顯得十分渺小，但是它與南京城的誕生、發展，以及南京地區的政治、經濟、文化發展有著極其密切的關系。
早在五六千年前的新石器時代，這里已有人類繁衍生息。
迄今為止，沿河兩岸發現的原始村落遺跡多達五六十處。
六朝和明初封建朝廷一直把它作為都城的一道天然屏障和皇宮所需的天然通道。
東吳孫權定都建業(南京)后，曾在秦淮河兩岸作“柵塘”，既可御敵，又可防洪。
從六朝時起，夫子廟一帶的秦淮河兩岸已是居民密集、市井相連的繁華之地，秦淮河充當了南京地區對外貿易的主要航道，河中舟船穿梭，一派繁榮。
據說，舊時的秦淮河兩岸歌樓酒肆林立，河房水閣爭奇斗艷，游艇畫防燈火通明，富豪貴族在這里過著尋歡作樂、紙醉金迷的生活，勞動人民，特別是廣大婦女卻是以淚洗面，飽嘗了人間的辛酸。
那時南京的大多集中在秦淮河兩岸。
清代戲劇家孔尚任在《桃花扇》中描寫的不畏權貴的名妓李香君，她就居住在秦淮河南岸的文德橋畔。
美麗的秦淮河曾流淌過蠻荒時代的寂寞，六朝以來的繁華和奢靡，舊社會的污垢和勞動人民的血淚，甚至還溶有南京大屠殺的血腥。
然而，今天的秦淮河，經過了歷史的沉淀和人民的改造，已散發著健康文明的馨香，展現了清澈動人的風姿。
它是南京歷史的見證，難怪人們慣于把“秦淮”當作南京的代名詞。
【秦淮畫舫—伴池—夫子廟照壁—廟前廣場—欞星門】
各位游客：現在我們來到了秦淮河畔，河中的畫防都是仿照明代建筑風格制造的，船頭掛有大紅彩球和紅燈籠。
每當元宵節南京人習慣來這里游玩賞燈。
這種風氣在明代就已盛行，據說明朝建都后，朱元津微服巡察京城。
當他來到秦淮河畔，看到兩岸綠樹成蔭，河水清澈，亭臺樓閣，風景宜人，隨口說了句：“惜河中缺游船。
”皇帝開了金口，左右就連夜差人趕造畫舫，以博取皇帝歡心。
從此，秦淮畫訪成了這里的一大特色。
尤其到了中秋佳節時分，更是河上水燈萬盞齊放，兩岸龍燈飛舞，歌聲、鼓聲、歡聲、笑聲，連綿不絕，通宵達旦，真可謂“秦淮燈火甲天下”。
難怪南京有“家家走橋，人人看燈”的民諺。
我們眼前的這段秦淮河，自宋以后就成了夫子廟(孔廟)成泮池，又稱月牙他。
古時候皇帝講學的學宮叫辟雍，諸侯講學成學宮叫泮宮，夫子廟的學宮相當于諸侯講學的地方，所以這池稱“泮池”夫子廟導游詞夫子廟導游詞。
泮池上一般建有三座石橋，按等級而論，縣官、學官走中間一座，秀才走兩邊的橋。
相傳古時候有位秀才誤上中橋，有犯上作亂之罪，進退兩難，只好自己跳進了泮池。
再請各位看河對岸的一段朱紅色石磚墻，這就是夫子廟的照壁。
照壁建于明萬歷三年(歷澤年)，長達110米，為全們照壁之冠。
各位游客：這座夫子廟始建于東晉成帝咸康三年(337年)，當時成帝采納了王導的建議：“治國以培育人才為重”，決定立大學于秦淮河畔。
原來只建有學宮，孔廟是宋仁宗景拍元年(1034年)在學富基礎上擴建而成的。
所以夫子廟是一個由文教中心演變而成的繁華鬧市，它包括夫子廟、學宮和貢院三大主要建筑群，其范圍南臨秦淮河北岸，北抵建康路東端，東起姚家巷，西止四福巷，規模龐大。
夫子廟雖屢遭破壞，但各代都加以興修擴建，到清末民初，其樓閣、殿宇的結構和布局堪稱東南之冠。
現在的夫子廟建筑，～部分是清代末年重建的，一部分是近幾年重建的。
請大家回頭看，這座樓閣式建筑，叫做奎星閣，它初建于清乾隆年間。
這座臨街傍水的建筑曾兩次被毀，1985年重建。
現在我們來到了清代開辟的廟前廣場，廣場東西兩端豎有兩塊碑，高有一丈許，上面刻有滿漢兩種文字“文武大臣至此下馬”，表示對圣人孔子的崇敬。
左側的這座六角重檐亭子叫“聚星亭”，“聚星”取群星集中，人才薈萃之意。
建于明萬歷十四年(1586年)，也曾幾經興廢，到清同治八年(1869年)才由江寧鄉賢朱芙峰等人籌資重建。
這是一座在日軍炮火中惟一幸存的清代建筑，可惜在1968年被當作“四舊”拆除，1983年又得以重建，恢復了原來的風貌。
廣場正中的這座牌坊，叫“天下文樞坊”。
請大家繼續隨我往前走。
這座門叫欞星門，這是孔廟的廟門。
據傳榻星是天上主管教化的星宿，他得人方便高興。
門是石結構的，六柱三門，建于明成化十六年(1480年)，后來被毀，又于清同治九年(1870年)重建。
不過，現在所見到的極星門是1983年再次重建的夫子廟。
極星門東西兩側便是東市、西市。
【大成門—大成殿—學宮】
各位游客：走過欞星門，便是孔廟的正門，叫大成門，也叫戟門。
門內側有石碑四塊。
第一塊是《孔子問禮圖碑》，刻于南朝齊永明二年(484年)。
記載了春秋末年奴隸制衰亡之際，孔子出于對周王朝禮樂制度的崇拜，抱著興國安邦、濟世訪賢的愿望，于魯昭公二十四年(公元前518年)，從家鄉曲阜去周王城洛陽考察典章制度，尋求鞏固魯國奴隸主政權辦法的經歷。
碑的上半部有“孔子問禮圖，吳敬恒題”的題字。
圖中是二人駕車，一組身穿古裝人物在城門前歡迎的場面，還有“永明二年，孔子在魯人周門禮周流”的字樣。
這塊碑已有1500多年的歷史了，圖文仍清晰可辨，是難得的珍貴文物。
第二塊碑是《集慶孔廟碑》，碑文是元朝至大二年(1309年)重建孔廟時由盧摯撰寫的，到元至順元年(1330年)，由純齋王公書寫刻石。
第三塊碑是《封四氏碑》，講的是元至順二年，文宗皇帝詔示：加封顏回、曾參(孔子的兩個弟子)、孔極(孔子的孫子)、孟軻(孔子的再傳弟子)為四亞圣之事。
第四塊碑是《封至圣夫人碑》，講的是元至順二年(1331年)，文宗皇帝頒旨加封孔子之妻為至圣夫人之事。
廟院兩側是碑廊(原來是供奉孔門七十二賢人牌位的地方)，廊內陳列了當代書法名家的碑刻30塊。
現在，請大家隨我從中間的石雨道走。
在進大成殿前，我先給大家介紹一下殿前的這個露天臺子，這是祭祀和歌舞的地方。
古時每年二月、八月的第一個丁日和孔子誕辰這一天(農歷八月二十七日)，地方官吏都要在孔廟舉行盛大的祭掃活動。
祭祀采用的是酉周奴隸主祭天地鬼神的禮儀，在大成殿前擺上仿青銅器做的祭器，上供牛2頭、豬16頭、羊16頭，以及大量布帛菽粟、干鮮果品、香紙蠟燭等。
主祭人要穿特制的古裝祭服，宣讀祭文，向孔子及“四配”(孔子高徒)、“十二哲”(孔家子弟)牌位行三拜九叩禮，還配有樂隊和舞隊表演，以歌頌孔子，所以大成殿前要設舞臺。
現在請各位游客隨我進人孔廟主殿——大成殿。
這是一座氣勢巍峨，重檐廡殿頂，屋脊中央有雙龍戲珠立雕的建筑。
這種規格的建筑在全國也是屈指可數的。
“大成”意思是孔子集古圣先賢思想之大成。
大成殿內原先正中供奉的是孔子和他的四位高徒，兩旁是孔家子弟塑像十二尊。
現在的大成殿已被辟為“南京鄉土文化博物館”。
請大家再往前走，這里便是夫子廟的學宮。
門楣上方原來有“學宮”匾額，門外柏木牌坊，牌坊上題有“東南第一學”。
牌坊的北面是四周圍有木欄的花圃，左右有四書齋，是學子自修讀書的地方。
這四齋名稱分別是“志道”、“據德”、“依仁”、“游藝”。
后面是明德堂，這座建筑建于南宋紹興九年(1139年)，堂名為文天祥所書。
明德堂是學子集會的地方，每月朔望(農歷初一和十五)朝圣后，學子在此集會，訓導師宣講圣教和上諭。
東墻有“臥碑”，就是訓教的法規。
左右橫梁上懸掛著江寧府所屬六縣舉貢員生題額。
我們眼前的這座建筑是梨香閣，原來是祭祀孔子父母的崇圣祠，現改為游樂場了。
東面那座建筑是青云樓，它建于明萬歷十四年(1586年)，是供把歷代督學使的祠堂，初建時為三層樓，因為臨近貢院，為防止有人從樓上偷看貢院，清代時改建成二層樓，上層用作藏書，下層是閱覽室。
清末廢除科舉后，改為小學，民國初年改為江寧縣教育會，抗戰時被用作開茶館、歌場，戰后曾先后作為民眾教育館和南京市通志館夫子廟導游詞導游。
這也是舊學宮保留下來的為數不多的建筑之一。
各位游客：參觀完學宮建筑后，我們再去參觀一下夫子廟的另一座古建筑群——貢院。
【貢院街—貢院—明遠樓】
現在我們所站的地方便是貢院街，那條與貢院街相交的南北向街道就是貢院西街，貢院街北面就是古代時南京規模龐大的考試場——貢院。
貢院建于南宋乾道四年(1168年)，是縣府考試場所。
明太祖朱元津定都南京后，這里成了鄉試、會試場所。
明永一樂十九年(1421年)遷都北京，但南京仍作為陪都，加上江南又是人文基本之地，考試仍在這里按期舉行。
明成祖繼續派人建造江南貢院，明清兩代對貢院不斷擴建，到清光緒時，貢院規模之大，已成為當時23個行省的貢院之最。
對此，我只要告訴大家一個數字，你就可想而知了——到清代同治年間，已建供考試用的“號舍”有20644間，且還不包括司考官員、職司人員的辦公住宿用房。
可惜現存貢院建筑已屈指可數，明遠樓就是保存下來的貢院建筑之一，而其他大部分已被辟為市場。
現在，我們所見的這座三層建筑，就是明遠樓了。
樓呈四方形，四面設窗，地處貢院中心，在此可以監視考生和貢院內執役人員。
“明遠”的意思就是“慎終追遠、明德歸原”，封建王朝教育士子以“孝梯忠義”為立身之本。
考生考完后，“金榜”就張貼在前面的貢院街
清末廢除科舉后，貢院也隨之失去了原來的作用。
1919年除留下明遠樓和一部分號舍建筑用以陳列歷史文物外，其余一并拆除，辟為市場。
明遠樓下的《金陵貢院遺跡碑》詳細地記載了這一史實。
各位游客：關于夫子廟我就介紹到這里。
如果大家有興趣的話，可以去逛一下夫子廟的東市、西市，同時也可選購一些喜愛的工藝品和旅游紀念品，還可以去西街一帶品嘗夫子廟的風味小吃，夫子廟可謂是全國聞名的小吃薈萃之地。
夫子廟導游詞范文 篇9
Hello, everyone! Welcome to Nanjing Confucius Temple. The Confucius Templeis located on the Bank of Qinhuai River in the south of the city. It is ahistoric site and tourist attraction that Nanjing people are proud of. It is aprosperous place where culture, commerce, sightseeing center and Temple marketare integrated.
Confucius Temple, also known as Confucius Temple and Confucian temple, is aplace to offer sacrifices to Confucius, a famous educator and thinker in China.Confucius was honored as Confucius in ancient times, so his temple is commonlyknown as "Confucius Temple". Due to the orthodox status of Confucianism, itsfounder Confucius was highly respected by the rulers and scholars of feudalsociety. There were more than one Confucius temples all over the country. As aplace for feudal scholars to worship, Confucius Temple is mostly arrangedtogether with educational facilities (such as school palace, Gong Yuan, etc.),that is, the so-called temple is attached to school, usually in front or on oneside of the school palace.
Historically, there were three Confucius temples in the urban area ofNanjing, one in the compound of the current municipal government and the otherin the Chaotian Palace. Now we are going to visit the third and most famousplace. It was moved from Chaotian Palace in the first year of Jingyou of SongDynasty (1034). At first, it was Jiankang school, Jiqing road school in YuanDynasty, Guoxue in Ming Dynasty, yingtianfu school in Qing Dynasty, andJiangning school and Shangyuan school in Qing Dynasty. It was destroyed in theXianfeng Period, rebuilt in the Tongzhi period (1869), and burned by theJapanese during the Anti Japanese war. The existing Confucius Temple was rebuiltin the early 1980s. It uses the former temple and the later school, ConfuciusTemple in the front and the Academy in the back, and the later Gong Yuan isarranged on the left side of the Academy. Therefore, the relatively completepattern of Confucius Temple in Nanjing includes three parts, namely, ConfuciusTemple, Academy and Gongyuan. The North-South central axis with Dacheng hall asthe center and the main buildings on both sides and the Jiangnan Gongyuanexhibition hall with Mingyuan building as the center have become the maintourist spots in the Confucius Temple area.
Due to its long history and convenient water transportation, ConfuciusTemple area has become a famous "beautiful place" and a place where celebritieslive in ancient Nanjing before the appearance of Confucius Temple. Therefore, inaddition to the main scenic spots mentioned above, there are also scenic spotssuch as Wu Jingzi's former residence, ancient taoyedu, Cuiyuan, one hundred yearold shop Street, wendeqiao, Wang Xie's former residence, Wuyi lane, meixianglou,etc.
Now we are standing at the starting point of the central axis of ConfuciusTemple - Confucius Temple Square. Looking around, there are panchi, Zhaobi andmufang in the south, Juxing Pavilion, KuiGuang Pavilion and business district inthe East and West, Dacheng hall in the central axis and the East and West citieson the East and west sides of Confucius Temple in the north, which form theunique atmosphere of Confucius Temple area different from other cities, that is,the pattern of Temple market integration in history.
Look at the river in front of the square. It's called Qinhuai River. It'sthe mother river of Nanjing people. It's 110 kilometers long and gave birth tothe early Nanjing civilization. The section that flows through the square is apart of the Inner Qinhuai River. When the temple was built, it was transformedinto panchi, named after the water flowing through the Confucius Temple in Qufu.A red wall on the south bank is a large screen wall built in the Wanli period ofthe Ming Dynasty (1575). It is 110 meters long and majestic. It is the largestscreen wall in China. Zhaobi played a role of shelter and decoration, which wasthe beginning of the whole Confucius Temple complex. The stone railings on theNorth Bank of panchi were built in Zhengde (1514) of the Ming Dynasty. Aftermany vicissitudes, they became the only best preserved ancient architecturalsketch in the Confucius Temple complex, which had been repaired before the AntiJapanese war. Here, visitors take a rest on the fence and enjoy the beautifulscenery of Qinhuai.
The Wende bridge on the west side of panchi is now hanbaiyu bridge. It gotits name from the Confucian school's advocacy of article morality. Because thedirection of the bridge is the same as that of the meridian, every November 15of the lunar calendar, when the bright moon is in the sky and you look down fromthe railing, you can see the shadow of the bridge on both sides of the bridge.The bright moon in the river is divided into two and a half months, which iscalled "Wen de Fen Yue". Wu Jingzi recorded it in his book scholars. If you havea chance, you might as well come to Wende bridge on November 15 of the lunarcalendar to have a look.
A group of Hui style buildings at the entrance of South Wuyi lane ofwendeqiao is called "Wangxie ancient residence". As the settlement area of WangXie and Wang Xie in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it has a great influence,especially the verses of Wu Yi Xiang, the famous work of Liu Yuxi in TangDynasty, which makes Wu Yi Xiang and Wang Xie's former residence very famous,and now it is "the historical and cultural exhibition Hall of Six Dynasties inNanjing." You can visit it when you have time.
Now, to the north of the stone column is the newly rebuilt Tianxia Wenshusquare, which indicates that it is the cultural center of Tianxia. Three doorsand four pillars, quite spectacular. In ancient times, it corresponded to theLingxing gate at the back, which was used for the emperors to go on a pilgrimageto worship Confucius. The high gate square in the middle was the royal roadwhere the emperor was lucky to come. It was used for the princes of the countyto go in and out. The ordinary officials and subjects could not pass through, soit was usually closed with wooden fences.
The star gathering Pavilion on the west side of the square in front of thetemple has a hexagonal cornice, which is simple and elegant. It looks like atwo-layer structure with double cornices on the outside. In fact, it has onlyone floor. The name of the pavilion is the gathering of stars and talents. Inthe East, the small courtyard facing the water is KuiGuang Pavilion. The KuixingPavilion in the pavilion has three floors and six sides, and faces QinhuaiRiver. The scenery is unique. In ancient times, there was a saying of "Kui ZhuWen". Kuixing, or Kuixing, is a sign of prosperity of the literary movement anda symbol of winning the first place in the imperial examination. Therefore,Kuixing was regarded as a God by the students of the past dynasties. KuiGuangPavilion and Juxing Pavilion look at each other from the east to the west,echoing each other and integrating into one.
The stone square gate in the north of the square in front of the temple isthe first gate of the Confucius Temple - Lingxing gate, with six columns andthree gates. It is simple and beautiful, and the lintel in the middle isengraved with the seal character "Lingxing gate". Lingxing is the "Wenxing" inancient astronomy. The reason why it is named is to show that scholars in theworld gather here. The brick relief inlaid with peony pattern between the threedoors is exquisitely carved and gorgeous. The top of the stone column is made ofcloud plate, which means Huabiao, as a sign. This is the gate for the emperor toworship Confucius.
After passing the Lingxing gate, we came to the Dacheng gate of Dachenghall.
Dachengmen, also known as Jimen, is the main gate of Confucius Temple, withZhijing gate on both sides. In feudal times, only officials could get in and outof dachengmen, while ordinary scholars could only get in and out from otherdoors. Entering the gate, there are four ancient steles on the left and right:in the East, there are the stele of fengzhisheng's wife in 1331, the remnantstele of Jiqing Confucius Temple in 1330, and the stele of kongyuwenli in 484,which was moved by the municipal government. This book is based on the picturestele of Confucius asking for rites.
On both sides of the courtyard and corridor are arranged eight ofConfucius' twelve students, namely min sang, ran Geng, ran Qiu, Duan Muzi, ranYong, Zai Yu, Yan Yan and Zhong you. They are all carved from white jade of HanDynasty. They are very devout and lifelike.
Looking forward, the platform in front of the Dacheng hall is Danlong,commonly known as the terrace. It is 1.4 meters high, 21.8 meters wide from eastto west, and 14.0 meters long from north to south. It is surrounded by stonerailings, 24 cloud looking pillars, and stone lanterns are set at the twocorners of the platform. This terrace is used for sacrifice, singing anddancing. The statue of Kongyu in the middle of the terrace is particularlyeye-catching. It's made of bronze, 4.18 meters long and weighs 37 tons. It'sexquisitely made, lifelike, full-bodied, with a kind and deep face. The eyebrowsreveal the wisdom of a great thinker and leave a very deep impression on people.On both sides of the terrace, there were two verandas, which were used toworship the memorial tablets of the 72 sages in Confucius' gate and to storesacrificial, ceremonial and dancing utensils. Now it is reduced to a small twoveranda and changed into a stele gallery. There are more than 30 steles with inkmarks of famous calligraphers such as Zhao Puchu, Lin Sanzhi and Wu Zhongqi,which are displayed for tourists to enjoy.
At the end of the terrace is the majestic main hall of Confucius TempleDacheng hall, which is 16.22 meters high, 27.3 meters wide and 27.9 meters deep.It is an antique building on the top of chongcaoxie mountain. Under the eaves ofthe front, there is a sea blue vertical plaque, which reads "Dacheng hall".Confucius is the most sage and forerunner of Dacheng, and Dacheng refers toConfucius. The word "Dacheng" comes from "notes. Learning notes", which is thehighest level of learning. It can also be seen in Mencius wanzhang. "Confuciusis the sage of time. Confucius called it jidacheng. " There is a beautifulstanding sculpture of "double dragons playing with pearls" in the bird's kiss onthe roof, which is the first of its kind in China; The light and beautifultendency of the roof covered with green tiles is obviously different from themagnificent tendency of the yellow glazed tiles used in the roof of the northernConfucius Temple. It is more easygoing and popular. This is also one of theperformances of Nanjing Confucius Temple closer to popular culture, or "do asthe Romans do". The whole building is magnificent with double eaves, crisscrossbrackets, seven couplets in the hall, 26 wooden columns in the corridor, 16lattice doors in the front and back, and purlins in the inner hall. In thecenter of the hall, there is a 6.5-meter-high and 3.5-meter-wide portrait ofConfucius, the largest in China. On the front two sides of the portrait, thereare another four of the 12 students, namely Mencius, Kongji, Zengshen andYanhui. In front of the portrait, there are also ancient musical instrumentssuch as Gong, Qin, wokonghou, chime, Bianzhong, guzheng and drum.
38 inlaid murals reflecting Confucius' life stories are hung on thesurrounding walls, which are called "Confucius' holy trace". They are made ofinner jade from Zhejiang, Fujian, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Qinghai, Guangxi,Guangdong and other provinces (regions), famous crystals from jixueleng,Shoushan stone, feicuilv, zhoucunleng and precious jewelry such as gold,jewelry, Luodian, etc. by 2oo craftsmen in Yueqing, Zhejiang Province. It takesthree years The total investment is 5.8 million yuan. The picture adopts theChinese classical panoramic composition method, supplemented by the detaileddescription of textual research, with fine workmanship, natural color, richthree-dimensional sense, giving people a sense of lifelike magic. Each sheet is2.5 meters high and 1.3 meters wide. There are 408 figures in the painting. Theshape is natural and lifelike. The 38 murals are the picture of the holy trace,the preface to the title, the prayer of Nishan, the Qilin Yushu, the ErlongWulao, the Juntian Shengjiang, the zudou Xueli, the functionary commissar, thename Rongfu, the functionary Chengtian, the questioner Laofu, Wenshao in Qi, YanYingju Feng in Yan, the retreat of Shishu, Jiagu Huiqi, returning to Tianxiegouo, zhushaozhengmao; the female music Wenma, and Yingu Qulu. Help peopleout. In Song Dynasty, people felled trees, attacked the Falcon, struck the chimeby Shiwei, learned to play Qin by Xiang, drove back to Xihe, asked linggongabout Chen, Zilu about Jin, in chenjueliang, zixijufeng, songqiuling, Xingtanritual music, kneeling by Chihong, Xishou Huolin, Mengdian Liangying, Zhirenbiegui, Han Gaosi to Lu. This is just like the couplet in the temple, which saysthat "Qi Bei Si Shi Xing heaven and earth, ghosts and gods, sun and moon are inaccordance with their virtue; teach the world to follow Yao, Shun, Yu and TangWenwu as teachers". The truth is that "the Tao of heaven and earth runs throughthe ancient and modern times, and the six classics are deleted and listed in theConstitution for all ages.".
From the north gate of Dacheng hall, you can enter Xuegong district throughDongshi.
Dongshi and Xishi have been changed from the East and West passagewayswhich used to enter and leave the academy to the places where the ships can sellgoods on the Qinhuai River. Now they have become the most distinctive places forarts and crafts, cultural goods sales and cultural activities in the ConfuciusTemple area.
The school palace was a place to cultivate talents in feudal times. Therewere different levels, such as county school, government school (road school,state school, etc.) and national school. They were all adjacent to ConfuciusTemple, which showed the orthodox status of Confucianism in building the countryand cultivating self. The school palace includes Mingde hall, Zunjing Pavilion,Jingyi Pavilion, Chongsheng temple and Qingyun tower. Entering the gate of theschool is the ancient Mingde hall. It is a place for scholars to listen to theirtutors' preaching of holy teachings and instructions (ethics and governmentdecrees) after their monthly pilgrimage to the sun (i.e. Confucius), so as tocultivate their loyalty and patriotism. As for the name of mingdetang, sometourists may ask that there is only "Minglun hall" in the Confucius Templecomplex. Why Nanjing Confucius Temple is an exception, which is called"mingdetang"? Indeed, in Nanjing Confucius Temple, mingdetang was originallyalso called "Minglun hall". It was just Wen Tianxiang, the Prime Minister of theSouthern Song Dynasty, who was imprisoned when the yuan army was about toconquer Nanjing, in order to show that he would rather die than surrender Hechanged "Ming Lun Tang" into "Ming De Tang" in order to show his loyalty to thecountry and serve the people. Zunjing Pavilion, built in the middle of MingDynasty, is 18.7 meters high, with double eaves and T-shaped ridges on the topof the mountain. It is an extraordinary Hall for storing Confucian classics andteaching lectures. It is now an exhibition hall of folk customs. Standing sideby side with Zunjing pavilion are Chongsheng temple and Qingyun tower. Zunjingacademy is divided into two sides behind Zunjing Pavilion. In the Qing Dynasty,Qingyun building was changed into a library, and Zunjing Academy was used as alecture center, which is equivalent to the classroom now. The small highlandbehind the Zunjing Pavilion, called Weishan, has a Jingyi Pavilion. AllConfucian temples in the world have Jingyi Pavilion. It began in the Jiajingperiod of the Ming Dynasty. In the pavilion, the emperor's motto of "JingyiZhen" was set up as the motto of the students. The so-called "respect one" isthe dedication to Confucianism.
After touring the Academy, walk tens of meters to the East past GongyuanWest Street, which is Jiangnan Gongyuan. During this period of time, I wouldlike to introduce to you some other information about the Confucius Temple. Inaddition to the buildings of Confucius Temple, there are more noticeable folkcustoms, characteristic markets and snacks in the area.
Dear friends, this is the end of the tour of Confucius Temple. Thank youfor your support and cooperation!
夫子廟導游詞范文 篇10
今天，我將帶大家到秦淮河、夫子廟去游覽。秦淮河旅游區，位于南京老城區城南，從市區出發，坐汽車約需20分鐘才能到達。它是一個以夫子廟為中心，集游覽、購物、品嘗風味于一體，展示古城風貌和民族風情的旅游地。
秦淮河的由來和歷史變遷
秦淮河，是一條曾對古城南京的政治、經濟、文化發展起過重要作用的河流。相傳秦淮河是秦始皇下令開鑿的一條人工運河。秦始皇東巡會稽，經過南京時，為方便船只行駛，曾下令開鑿方山，使淮水與長江溝通，因而這段河道得名"秦淮河"。但據地質考察證明，秦淮河是一條歷史悠久的天然河流，當時這條古老的河流確是曾從方山經過，但由于地理變遷，河流改道，逐漸形成了現在的河道。歷史上的秦淮河，河道寬綽。自五代吳王楊行密在長干橋一帶筑石頭城以后，河道開始變窄，并被分隔成內、外"秦淮"。內秦淮河由東水關人城，經夫子廟，再由水西門南的西水關出城與外秦淮河匯合。河流全長10公里，這就是古往今來令無數文人墨客為之贊美傾倒、尋跡訪蹤的"十里秦淮"了。唐朝大詩人李白、劉禹錫、杜牧等都曾為她寫下詩篇，孔尚任的《桃花扇》和吳敬樣的《儒林外史》中，也都對"十里秦淮"有過生動的描寫。古老的秦淮河與流經南京城北的長江相比，顯得十分渺小，但是它與南京城的誕生、發展，以及南京地區的政治、經濟、文化發展有著極其密切的關系。早在五六千年前的新石器時代，這里已有人類繁衍生息。迄今為止，沿河兩岸發現的原始村落遺跡多達五六十處。六朝和明初封建朝廷一直把它作為都城的一道天然屏障和皇宮所需的天然通道。東吳孫權定都建業(南京)后，曾在秦淮河兩岸作"柵塘"，既可御敵，又可防洪。從六朝時起，夫子廟一帶的秦淮河兩岸已是居民密集、市井相連的繁華之地，秦淮河充當了南京地區對外貿易的主要航道，河中舟船穿梭，一派繁榮。據說，舊時的秦淮河兩岸歌樓酒肆林立，河房水閣爭奇斗艷，游艇畫防燈火通明，富豪貴族在這里過著尋歡作樂、紙醉金迷的生活，清代戲劇家孔尚任在《桃花扇》中描寫的不畏權貴的名妓李香君，她就居住在秦淮河南岸的文德橋畔。美麗的秦淮河曾流淌過蠻荒時代的寂寞，六朝以來的繁華和奢靡，舊社會的污垢和勞動人民的血淚，然而，今天的秦淮河，經過了歷史的沉淀和人民的改造，已散發著健康文明的馨香，展現了清澈動人的風姿。它是南京歷史的見證，難怪人們慣于把"秦淮"當作南京的代名詞。
秦淮畫舫-伴池-夫子廟照壁-廟前廣場-欞星門
各位游客：
現在我們來到了秦淮河畔，河中的畫防都是仿照明代建筑風格制造的，船頭掛有大紅彩球和紅燈籠。每當元宵節南京人習慣來這里游玩賞燈。這種風氣在明代就已盛行，據說明朝建都后，朱元津微服巡察京城。當他來到秦淮河畔，看到兩岸綠樹成蔭，河水清澈，亭臺樓閣，風景宜人，隨口說了句："惜河中缺游船。"皇帝開了金口，左右就連夜差人趕造畫舫，以博取皇帝歡心。從此，秦淮畫訪成了這里的一大特色。尤其到了中秋佳節時分，更是河上水燈萬盞齊放，兩岸龍燈飛舞，歌聲、鼓聲、歡聲、笑聲，連綿不絕，通宵達旦，真可謂"秦淮燈火甲天下"。難怪南京有"家家走橋，人人看燈"的民諺。我們眼前的這段秦淮河，自宋以后就成了夫子廟(孔廟)成泮池，又稱月牙他。古時候皇帝講學的學宮叫辟雍，諸侯講學成學宮叫泮宮，夫子廟的學宮相當于諸侯講學的地方，所以這池稱"泮池"。泮池上一般建有三座石橋，按等級而論，縣官、學官走中間一座，秀才走兩邊的橋。相傳古時候有位秀才誤上中橋，有犯上作亂之罪，進退兩難，只好自己跳進了泮池。再請各位看河對岸的一段朱紅色石磚墻，這就是夫子廟的照壁。照壁建于明萬歷三年(歷澤年)，長達110米，為全們照壁之冠。各位游客：這座夫子廟始建于東晉成帝咸康三年(337年)，當時成帝采納了王導的建議："治國以培育人才為重"，決定立大學于秦淮河畔。原來只建有學宮，孔廟是宋仁宗景拍元年(1034年)在學富基礎上擴建而成的。所以夫子廟是一個由文教中心演變而成的繁華鬧市，它包括夫子廟、學宮和貢院三大主要建筑群，其范圍南臨秦淮河北岸，北抵建康路東端，東起姚家巷，西止四福巷，規模龐大。夫子廟雖屢遭破壞，但各代都加以興修擴建，到清末民初，其樓閣、殿宇的結構和布局堪稱東南之冠。現在的夫子廟建筑，～部分是清代末年重建的，一部分是近幾年重建的。請大家回頭看，這座樓閣式建筑，叫做奎星閣，它初建于清乾隆年間。這座臨街傍水的建筑曾兩次被毀，1985年重建。現在我們來到了清代開辟的廟前廣場，廣場東西兩端豎有兩塊碑，高有一丈許，上面刻有滿漢兩種文字"文武大臣至此下馬"，表示對圣人孔子的崇敬。左側的這座六角重檐亭子叫"聚星亭"，"聚星"取群星集中，人才薈萃之意。建于明萬歷十四年(1586年)，也曾幾經興廢，到清同治八年(1869年)才由江寧鄉賢朱芙峰等人籌資重建。這是一座在日軍炮火中惟一幸存的清代建筑，可惜在1968年被當作"四舊"拆除，1983年又得以重建，恢復了原來的風貌。廣場正中的這座牌坊，叫"天下文樞坊"。請大家繼續隨我往前走。這座門叫欞星門，這是孔廟的廟門。據傳榻星是天上主管教化的星宿，他得人方便高興。門是石結構的，六柱三門，建于明成化十六年(1480年)，后來被毀，又于清同治九年(1870年)重建。不過，現在所見到的極星門是1983年再次重建的。極星門東西兩側便是東市、西市。
大成門-大成殿-學宮
各位游客：
走過欞星門，便是孔廟的正門，叫大成門，也叫戟門。門內側有石碑四塊。第一塊是《孔子問禮圖碑》，刻于南朝齊永明二年(484年)。記載了春秋末年奴隸制衰亡之際，孔子出于對周王朝禮樂制度的崇拜，抱著興國安邦、濟世訪賢的愿望，于魯昭公二十四年(公元前520xx年)，從家鄉曲阜去周王城洛陽考察典章制度，尋求鞏固魯國奴隸主政權辦法的經歷。碑的上半部有"孔子問禮圖，吳敬恒題"的題字。圖中是二人駕車，一組身穿古裝人物在城門前歡迎的場面，還有"永明二年，孔子在魯人周門禮周流"的字樣。這塊碑已有1500多年的歷史了，圖文仍清晰可辨，是難得的珍貴文物。第二塊碑是《集慶孔廟碑》，碑文是元朝至大二年(1320xx年)重建孔廟時由盧摯撰寫的，到元至順元年(1330年)，由純齋王公書寫刻石。第三塊碑是《封四氏碑》，講的是元至順二年，文宗皇帝詔示：加封顏回、曾參(孔子的兩個弟子)、孔極(孔子的孫子)、孟軻(孔子的再傳弟子)為四亞圣之事。第四塊碑是《封至圣夫人碑》，講的是元至順二年(1331年)，文宗皇帝頒旨加封孔子之妻為至圣夫人之事。廟院兩側是碑廊(原來是供奉孔門七十二賢人牌位的地方)，廊內陳列了當代書法名家的碑刻30塊。現在，請大家隨我從中間的石雨道走。在進大成殿前，我先給大家介紹一下殿前的這個露天臺子，這是祭祀和歌舞的地方。古時每年二月、八月的第一個丁日和孔子誕辰這一天(農歷八月二十七日)，地方官吏都要在孔廟舉行盛大的祭掃活動。祭祀采用的是酉周奴隸主祭天地鬼神的禮儀，在大成殿前擺上仿青銅器做的祭器，上供牛2頭、豬16頭、羊16頭，以及大量布帛菽粟、干鮮果品、香紙蠟燭等。主祭人要穿特制的古裝祭服，宣讀祭文，向孔子及"四配"(孔子高徒)、"十二哲"(孔家子弟)牌位行三拜九叩禮，還配有樂隊和舞隊表演，以歌頌孔子，所以大成殿前要設舞臺。現在請各位游客隨我進人孔廟主殿--大成殿。這是一座氣勢巍峨，重檐廡殿頂，屋脊中央有雙龍戲珠立雕的建筑。這種規格的建筑在全國也是屈指可數的。"大成"意思是孔子集古圣先賢思想之大成。大成殿內原先正中供奉的是孔子和他的四位高徒，兩旁是孔家子弟塑像十二尊。現在的大成殿已被辟為"南京鄉土文化博物館"。請大家再往前走，這里便是夫子廟的學宮。門楣上方原來有"學宮"匾額，門外柏木牌坊，牌坊上題有"東南第一學"。牌坊的北面是四周圍有木欄的花圃，左右有四書齋，是學子自修讀書的地方。這四齋名稱分別是"志道"、"據德"、"依仁"、"游藝"。后面是明德堂，這座建筑建于南宋紹興九年(1139年)，堂名為文天祥所書。明德堂是學子集會的地方，每月朔望(農歷初一和十五)朝圣后，學子在此集會，訓導師宣講圣教和上諭。東墻有"臥碑"，就是訓教的法規。左右橫梁上懸掛著江寧府所屬六縣舉貢員生題額。我們眼前的這座建筑是梨香閣，原來是祭祀孔子父母的崇圣祠，現改為游樂場了。東面那座建筑是青云樓，它建于明萬歷十四年(1586年)，是供把歷代督學使的祠堂，初建時為三層樓，因為臨近貢院，為防止有人從樓上偷看貢院，清代時改建成二層樓，上層用作藏書，下層是閱覽室。清末廢除科舉后，改為小學，民國初年改為江寧縣教育會，抗戰時被用作開茶館、歌場，戰后曾先后作為民眾教育館和南京市通志館。這也是舊學宮保留下來的為數不多的建筑之一。各位游客：參觀完學宮建筑后，我們再去參觀一下夫子廟的另一座古建筑群--貢院。
夫子廟導游詞范文 篇11
夫子廟導游詞位于南京市健康路以南，主要指的是孔廟、學宮、貢院三大建筑群，但習慣上將圍繞這三大建筑群一帶的街道都稱做夫子廟。在東自平江府路
，西至瞻園路的約0.5平方公里的范圍內有商場商店300多家、影劇院2家及諸多賓館及游樂場等，地下還有一個約10000平方米的
地下商業街。可以說夫子廟是一個集旅游、文化、商業、餐飲、娛樂等多功能的服務中心。節假日的人流量達15萬人次以上，逢金陵燈會期間
更是盛況空前。東晉咸康三年，(337年)丞相王導在秦淮河北岸建學宮，這是夫子廟的最早建筑。宋明道元年(1032年)宋仁宗在學宮
前建孔廟，彌夫子廟。后因戰亂幾次被毀，幾次重建。現在的建筑為1984年重新規劃修建起來的。它重現了明清時代江南街市的風貌景觀
，一派古色古香。孔廟是祭祀孔子的地方，占地2.63萬平方米。照壁在秦淮河南岸，高10米、長110米，壁頂覆小圓筒青瓦，四角略
翹，其長度為我國照壁之最。河北岸有彎月形泮池，岸上還有一排明代建成的雕鏤石欄。石欄東邊是三層六面飛角的奎墾閣;北面是四柱三門
的文樞坊，中間上刻“天下文樞”四個金字;西面是重檐雕脊飛角的聚星亭，大成門前是六柱三門石砌的欞星門。此處建筑皆帶“星”字，意指
天下文曲星集于此地。大成門為古代抬梁穿斗式建筑，翹角龍脊，三門并立，每扇門上有45枚門釘及龍頭銜環。門內左右兩側立南齊、元、宋
時期的石碑四塊，內院兩側有廊連接大成殿。大成殿是孔廟的主體建筑，高16.2米、寬27.3米、深20.9米，七楹重檐，四坡
五脊，主脊上的雙龍戲珠立雕為國內首創，加上全殿的56根巨型石往，巍峨壯觀。殿前丹墀正中立孔子銅像，高4.18米，為全國之冠。
東西兩側圍墻外是按明清風格精心規劃設計的東西市場，以經營古玩玉器、文房四寶、名家字畫及旅游紀念品為主。學宮位于大成殿后，由明
德堂、尊經閣、崇圣祠、青云樓等一組建筑組成，是古代州府的最高學府，明德堂是學宮的正堂，現辟為游樂場。由文樞坊向東左拐即可見到
一座斗拱飛檐的正方型三層木結構建筑——明遠樓。它是原江南貢院的中心建筑，是考試期間監視考生和發布命令的地方。樓后院落兩側是仿明
清時科舉考試的號舍，號舍長寬約1.5米，僅有上、下兩塊木板，上為桌、下為凳。考試幾天考生吃喝睡全在這狹小的空間內，帶進去的食
物全要檢查，連饅頭也要切開看，以防夾帶作弊。最盛時期，江南貢院占地7萬多平方米，號舍20644間，規模為全國貢院之首。明遠樓現
稱“江南貢院遺址”，為省級文物保護單位。歷史上的夫子廟曾經是一個畸型的繁華鬧市，特別是明清時期，每逢開科秋闈，上萬名(最多達
2萬多人)考生云集于此，于是書肆、茶館、客棧應運而生，酒樓妓院也就滋生蔓延。當年秦淮河南岸的一些街巷即為富家子弟的“溫柔鄉”
、“銷金窟”。還出過不少名妓，如李香君、董小宛等被稱為“秦淮八艷”。今在鈔庫街38號重建了媚香樓，做為李香君故居對游人開放。
清代著名作家吳敬梓曾居住于秦淮河畔，歷經20xx年，在此寫出了抨擊科舉制度的名著《儒林外史》。在他的故居——秦淮水亭的遺址上如今
建起了明清河廳河房式樣的建筑，為“秦淮人家”賓館。內設拾風堂，舉行仿古婚禮等民俗活動。游覽夫子廟還可以順便品嘗秦淮風味小吃，目
前已挖掘出傳統小吃品種100多個，加上洋快餐肯德基、麥當勞，足可讓游人大快朵頤。金陵燈會更是遠近聞名，名為農歷正月十二上燈
，十八落燈，其實從年初一開始，買燈、賣燈和觀燈者即人如潮涌，各色彩燈達數十種，使人眼花綴亂，目不暇接。
夫子廟導游詞范文 篇12
“朱雀橋邊野草花，烏衣巷口夕陽斜……”這是我小時候對夫子廟的第一認識。
不看不知道，一看嚇一跳。如果你是一名旅游愛好者，曾經來過南京，但是沒有去過夫子廟，那真是等于白來了!
夫子廟是南京的著名景點，歷史悠久。夫子廟靠著秦淮河，秦淮河是南京的母親河，就像中國的長江與黃河一樣。秦淮河上碧波蕩漾，波光粼粼，水里不時躍出來可愛的小魚，坐在夫子廟的畫舫上看風景，別有一番滋味。
看夫子廟，一定要在晚上來。這時夫子廟燈火通明，霓虹燈五光十色，把城市的上空找的宛如發生了極光一般，十分華麗，此時此刻，人們也不顧著夜晚的疲憊，都來夫子廟閑逛。餓了?哈哈，沒問題!FOLLOE ME!鴨血粉絲湯，雞汁湯包，羊肉串，不夠再去KFC!麥當勞也有!還有南京的臭豆腐等經典小吃……對了!還有鹽水鴨!鹽水鴨可是南京的特產!歡迎品嘗!鹽水鴨的其中一種叫桂花鴨，在鹽水鴨的層次上精益求精，含著桂花的清香。夫子廟當人不是“二號獅子橋”光是吃，也有許多時尚的商鋪任你逛。當然，你的眼球也是不會閑著的，夫子廟是很久以前的一個古建筑，蘊含著老南京風味，那墻壁上的精雕細刻，屋頂的絢麗國花紋，美不勝收。還有，那夜晚的秦淮河也更是美麗，那清澈的水面倒映著繁星點點的夜空，綠樹，建筑，還有那五顏六色的燈光，把秦淮河照的五彩繽紛。
到了元宵節，夫子廟更是人山人海，大街小巷里都有賣花燈的小店，有可愛的兔子燈，古老的走馬燈、孔明燈。除了花燈，在元宵節那幾天里，夫子廟里還有許多的元宵店。元宵有大有小，大的里面有芝麻，小的泡糖水，都十分好吃。
我們相信，不僅視夫子廟，更是南京，這個歷史悠久的城市，未來會更加美好!
夫子廟導游詞范文 篇13
南京夫子廟，常簡稱夫子廟，是一座位于南京市秦淮河北岸貢院街的孔廟。“夫子”是孔子弟子對孔子的尊稱。目前以夫子廟為中心、廟市街景合一的秦淮風光景區是集文化、旅游、購物、服務等功能于一體的文化活動中心。附近有夫子廟小學。
夫子廟景區的古建筑群由孔廟、學宮、江南貢院等組成，六朝至明清時，世家大族多聚于夫子廟一帶，素有“六朝金粉地”之稱，為江南文化樞紐之地，是秦淮風光的核心地帶。夫子廟街市是中國著名的傳統古街市。每年的春節至元宵節期間在夫子廟舉行的金陵燈會是南京春節最重要的活動之一。
夫子廟始建于宋景佑元年(1034年)，由東晉學宮舊址擴建而成，稱文宣王廟。南宋建炎時為兵火所毀，紹興年間重建，為建康府學，同時建科舉考場江南貢院;元朝為集慶路學，明初為國子監，后為應天府學;清朝成為江寧、上元兩縣縣學，同治八年(1869年)重建之后，于1937年遭侵華日軍焚燒而嚴重損毀。
1984年，市、區人民政府為保護古都文化遺產，經有關專家科學論證和規劃，幾度撥專款，歷數年的精心維修和復建。如今的夫子廟已煥然一新，再展輝煌。被譽為秦淮名勝而成為古城南京的特色景觀區，也是蜚聲中外的旅游勝地。1991年被國家評為“中國旅游勝地四十佳”之一。
夫子廟前以秦淮河為泮池，北岸由整石雕琢成的石欄建于明正德九年(1520xx年)，是南京夫子廟保留最完好的古代建筑;南岸石磚墻為照壁，建于明萬歷三年(1575年)，長110米，高10米;北岸廟前有聚星亭、思樂亭;中軸線上有欞星門、大成門、大成殿、明德堂、尊經閣;廟東有魁星閣。
夫子廟導游詞范文 篇14
各位游客，大家好!我們今天要參觀的是位于秦淮河畔的夫子廟。說起夫子廟，我們還得先來談談南京人的母親河-----秦淮河。秦淮河又名淮水、小江、龍藏浦，是南京文化的古老淵源。它從東水關入城，從西水關出城，流經夫子廟前的這一段長約十華里，因此被稱為“十里秦淮”。從古至今，秦淮河的兩岸就是一派繁華的景象，唐人杜牧的詩是這樣說的：“煙籠寒水月籠沙，夜泊秦淮近酒家。商女不知亡國恨，隔江猶唱后庭花”，一首詩說盡了秦淮河的繁華。解放以后，經過南京市政府的大力建設，今天的十里秦淮已成為展現江南特有風貌的國家5A級風景名勝區。
夫子廟共包括孔廟、學宮、貢院三大建筑群，東晉年間，朝廷在這里興建了學宮;宋代在東晉學宮的舊址上擴建了夫子廟;南宋又開設了科舉考場----貢院。然而，夫子廟在歷史上曾經五毀五建，最后一次是在1937年毀于侵華日軍的戰火，今天的夫子廟是1984年以后重新修建的。
廟前廣場(2分鐘)
各位游客，現在我們來到的是孔廟前的廣場。廟市合一是夫子廟最顯著的特點之一。廣場縱向為廟，橫向為市，廟市合一，獨具氛圍。位于大家身后的這堵紅墻稱為照壁，具有遮蔽、避邪及裝飾的作用，全長110米，是我國照壁之最。照壁前的這個半圓形的水池稱為泮池，古時皇帝講學的地方叫辟雍，諸侯講學的學宮叫泮宮，夫子廟的學宮等級相當于諸侯講學的地方，所以這池便稱為泮池，位于泮池西側的這座橋叫文德橋，因儒家提倡文章道德而得名，由于橋向與子午線方向一致，因此每年農歷十一月十五日子時左右，天上明月的倒影便會被橋影分成兩半，這一奇觀被稱為“文德分月”。文德橋畔廣場西側有一聚星亭，取“群星集中，人才薈萃”之意。迎面這個大牌坊，是“天下文樞坊”。造型為四柱三門，它的意思是說這里是天下文化的中心。牌坊南側有魁星閣，古有“奎主文章”之說，魁星是文運興旺之兆，也是科舉考試奪魁的象征，因而，魁星被歷代學子奉為神靈。在廣場北方便是欞星門，相傳欞星是天上的文星，是主管教化的星宿，取名之由是表示天下文人學士集學于此的意思。
大成門、露臺(1分鐘)
大成門是大成殿的正門，也是夫子廟的正大門。在古代森嚴的封建等級制度下，只有官員可以從大成門出入，一般士子只能從旁門進出。門后兩側墻壁上鐫刻兩個大字，分別為“禮”和“仁”，是孔子思想的核心，也是其本人畢生追求的目標。在大成門后，大成殿前有一甬道，甬道兩旁立有孔子十二位門生中的八位，均由漢白玉雕刻而成，分別為閔損、冉耕、冉求、端木賜、冉庸、宰予、言偃和仲由。甬道的盡頭為露臺，高1.4米，東西長21.8米，南北寬14米，四周圍以石欄，前有二龍戲珠丹陛石，兩側立有石燈，露臺是舉行祭祀和歌舞的地方，露臺正中有一尊孔子銅像，銅像前設有鐵香爐，上刻“至圣先師”是對孔子的尊稱。銅像高4.18米，重2.37噸，是國內孔廟中最大的一尊銅像。露臺兩旁原是兩廡，是供奉孔門七十二賢人牌位和存放祭祀、儀禮、佾舞用具的處所，現縮為小兩廡，改為碑廊，陳列有趙樸初、林散之、武中奇等著名書法家墨跡的石碑30余塊，供游人欣賞。
大成殿(2分鐘)
大成殿是夫子廟的標志性建筑，高16.22米，寬27.3米，進深27.9米。正面屋檐下海藍色豎匾上書“大成殿”三個字。大成殿屋脊鴟吻中有二龍戲珠立雕，這在國內同類建筑中屬首創之作，屋面覆蓋青色小瓦所體現的輕靈秀美之勢，與北方孔廟采用黃色琉璃瓦所體現的恢弘氣勢明顯不一樣，更顯隨和、入俗，這也是南京夫子廟更接近民俗文化的表現之一。殿中央陳列有國內最大的孔子畫像，畫像上方掛三塊匾額都是出自歷代皇帝之手，分別為康熙所書“萬世師表”、乾隆所書“與天地參”以及光緒所書“斯文在茲”。在畫像前兩側立有孔子的四位門生，即孟子、孔汲、曾參、顏回，前面還有琴、古箏、鼓等古代樂器。在四周墻壁上有38幅反映孔子生平事跡的鑲嵌壁畫，為《孔子圣跡圖》，由浙江樂清200名匠師采用取自浙江、福建、內蒙古、廣東、廣西等地的玉石、雞血凍、壽山石等石中名品及黃金、珠寶等貴重飾件，耗3年之工雕成，總投資580萬元人民幣，現價值人民幣1億多元，這38幅壁畫分別為：圣跡之圖、題首前言、尼山致禱、麒麟玉書、二龍五老等。
碑刻(1分鐘)
由大成殿出，右手邊的古井即玉兔泉，據記載，玉兔泉是由秦檜發現并挖掘的。泉旁側立有《籌措朝考盤費碑》，記載了兩江總督時期李鴻章、左宗棠捐助考生進京會考費用的一段歷史。另一側還有四塊碑，其中最著名的是刻于南朝時期的《孔子問禮圖碑》，記載了春秋末期奴隸制即將瓦解之際，孔子為維護奴隸制從魯國到周天子所生活的城市洛陽尋訪典章制度，向老子請教問禮的故事，另外是南京市僅存的三塊元碑《集慶孔子廟碑》《封至圣夫人碑》和《封四氏碑》。
A學宮 ：學宮大門(30秒) 明德堂(1分30秒) 尊經閣及其周邊(1分鐘)
學宮位于大成殿后方，南向門楣上書“大明國子學”，由曾國藩題寫，北向門楣上書“東南第一學”，由清乾隆時期文武雙科狀元秦大士題寫。走進學宮大門，可以看見左右兩個亭子中豎有一鐘一鼓，亭額上分別寫有“習禮”“仰圣”四個字，是古時士子們用于祭拜孔子的。
正對著學宮大門的是明德堂，堂名由文天祥題寫，明德堂是學子集會的地方，每月朔望朝圣后，學子們便在此集會，訓導師宣講圣教和上諭，以培養學子們忠君愛國的思想。明德堂原名“明倫堂”，當年元軍即將攻克南京時，文天祥為了表明他寧死不屈的決心和效忠國家、報效民眾之志氣，親自手書改“明倫堂”為“明德堂”，故保留至今。
明德堂后的尊經閣高三層，重檐丁字脊歇山頂，是當年存放儒家典籍，教諭講課的講堂，現為民俗風情陳列館。與尊經閣并排而立的是崇圣祠和青云樓，尊經書院分置尊經閣后兩邊，崇圣祠原為專奉孔子先輩之所，現為梨園。青云樓在清朝時改為圖書館。尊經書院為講課之所，相當于現在的教室。尊經閣后的小高地叫衛山，建有敬一亭，所謂“敬一”就是對孔學的敬業之情。
其他(1分鐘)
各位游客，白天的夫子廟繁華熱鬧，晚上的夫子廟更是流光溢彩!早在南北朝時期，秦淮河上就又金陵燈會，明朝時更是達到了頂峰，槳聲燈影里的秦淮河，可謂天下一絕。今天的夫子廟沿襲了“青磚小瓦馬頭墻，回廊掛落花隔窗”的徽派建筑風格。游客來到這里，不僅能夠領略傳統文化，還能飽嘗獨具風味的秦淮小吃，探尋秦淮八艷的傳奇故事，乘上秦淮畫舫飽覽兩岸風光或者去探尋烏衣巷、王導謝安故居、李香君故居等名人蹤跡，都是賞心樂事。我的講解到此結束，謝謝大家!
B貢院 前街、明遠樓(1分30秒)
現在我們來到的是貢院前街，在街道中豎立著六尊人物雕像，他們都是歷朝歷代從這里走出去的才子，分別有唐寅、吳承恩、鄭板橋、吳敬梓、林則徐和張謇。在雕塑的東側，立有石碑11塊，記載著這座貢院的歷史興衰以及各朝皇帝、大臣、名士對貢院的贊譽、評價和題詠，前街正前方是貢院，貢院牌坊上有李漁題寫的楹聯，始建于南宋，是專門用于舉行科舉考試的場所。起初，應試人數不多，規模也不大，僅僅供府、縣學的考試之用，偶遇考生增多的年份，甚至需要借用寺廟作為臨時考場，時至明永樂年間，重建了這座貢院，后南京貢院的規模不斷擴大，待至清正式定名為“江南貢院”時，已達到空前之勢，形成了東起姚家巷，西至學宮、孔廟，南臨秦淮河，北抵建康路的方形整體，號舍多達兩萬多間。民國之后，貢院冷落，直至今日，只有明遠樓作為歷史文物被保留了下來。明遠樓是歷屆科舉考試時用于警戒和發號施令之所。一樓拱門內保留有明、清和民國年間的石碑，詳盡記載了江南貢院的盛衰歷史，有效地保存了封建時代科舉考場的情景。20世紀80年代有關部門在此建立了“江南貢院陳列館”。
號舍(1分鐘)
現在貢院內恢復了四十余間號舍，以千字文為序，號舍高6尺，深4尺，寬3尺，面積不超過1.5平方米，里面僅陳列一上一下兩塊板而已。考生要在里面待上9天考上三場，吃喝拉撒睡考全在這里。白天他們在案板上答卷，晚上就在案板上合衣而眠。我們可以想象當年考試的艱辛，貢院西側的號巷內用蠟像展示了考生百態，東側為游客體驗區，有興趣的朋友可以體驗一下。
至公堂(1分30秒)
科舉始于隋唐，止于晚清，長達1320xx年，在明清時期逐漸形成了童試、鄉試、會試、殿試四個等級的考試。前方大家看到的“至公堂”過去是主考官辦公地，至公二字取意考試“公平、公正、平等”，現在是科舉陳列室，分為東中西三個展廳，中間的展廳是科舉文化陳列室，內有一尊魁星點斗、獨占熬頭的雕塑，旁邊的這組橫型展示了當年狀元高中跨馬游街的情形，非常壯觀。四周墻壁上展出的圖片資料介紹了中國科舉制度的起源、發展。東側的狀元廳內展出了中國歷代狀元名錄。而西側的是名人廳，里面展出了和江南貢院有關的名人，還有和科舉有關的一些圖片資料和實物資料。
關于夫子廟的講解就到此結束了，謝謝大家!
夫子廟導游詞范文 篇15
Hello, everyone! Today we are going to visit the Confucius Temple on theBank of Qinhuai River. Speaking of Confucius Temple, we have to talk aboutQinhuai River, the mother river of Nanjing people. Qinhuai River, also known ashuaishui, Xiaojiang and longzangpu, is the ancient origin of Nanjing culture. Itenters the city from dongshuiguan and leaves the city from xishuiguan. It flowsthrough the section about ten li in front of the Confucius Temple, so it iscalled "ten li Qinhuai". From ancient times to the present, both sides of theQinhuai River are a prosperous scene. Du Mu's poem in the Tang Dynasty says:"smoke cage, cold water cage, sand cage, Night Mooring Qinhuai near therestaurant. Business women do not know the hatred of national subjugation, butthey still sing "the flowers in the back court" across the river. Afterliberation, with the vigorous construction of Nanjing municipal government,today's ten mile Qinhuai River has become a national 5A scenic spot showing theunique style of Jiangnan.
The Confucius Temple consists of Confucius Temple, Academy and Gongyuan. Inthe Eastern Jin Dynasty, the imperial court built the Academy here; in the SongDynasty, the Confucius Temple was expanded on the former site of the Academy; inthe Southern Song Dynasty, the imperial examination hall Gongyuan was opened.However, the Confucius Temple was destroyed and built five times in history. Thelast one was destroyed in 1937 by the Japanese invaders. Today's ConfuciusTemple was rebuilt after 1984.
Temple Square (2 minutes)
Dear tourists, now we come to the square in front of the Confucius Temple.The integration of temple and market is one of the most remarkablecharacteristics of Confucius Temple. The square is a temple in the verticaldirection and a city in the horizontal direction. The temple and market areintegrated into a unique atmosphere. The red wall behind you is called Zhaobi,which has the functions of shielding, avoiding evil spirits and decoration. Itis 110 meters long and is the largest in China. The semicircular pool in frontof Zhaobi is called panchi. In ancient times, the place where the emperorlectured was called Biyong, the school palace where the princes lectured wascalled panchi, and the school palace of Confucius Temple was equivalent to theplace where the princes lectured. Therefore, this pool is called panchi. Thebridge on the west side of panchi is called Wende bridge, which is named for theConfucian advocating the moral of writing. Because the direction of the bridgeis consistent with the meridian, it is cultivated every year Around the 15th dayof November, the reflection of the bright moon in the sky will be divided intotwo parts by the shadow of the bridge. This spectacle is called "Wende dividingthe moon". There is a star gathering Pavilion on the west side of Wende BridgeSquare, which means "stars gather, talents gather". Facing this large archway,it is the "world Wenshu archway". The shape is four pillars and three doors,which means that it is the center of world culture. There is Kuixing Pavilion onthe south side of the archway. In ancient times, it was said that Kuixing was asign of prosperity of literature and also a symbol of winning the first place inthe imperial examination. Therefore, Kuixing was regarded as a God by studentsof all ages. In the north of the square is the Lingxing gate. It is said thatthe Lingxing gate is the cultural star in the sky and the star cluster in chargeof education. The reason for its name is that it means that the scholars of theworld gather here.
Dachengmen, terrace (1 minute)
Dacheng gate is the main gate of Dacheng hall and the main gate ofConfucius Temple. In the ancient feudal hierarchy, only officials could go inand out from Dacheng gate, while ordinary scholars could only go in and out fromthe side gate. Two big characters, Li and Ren, are engraved on the walls on bothsides behind the door, which are the core of Confucius' thought and his lifelonggoal. Behind the Dacheng gate and in front of the Dacheng hall, there is acorridor. On both sides of the corridor, there are eight of the twelve studentsof Confucius. They are all carved from white jade of Han Dynasty. They are minsang, ran Geng, ran Qiu, Duanmu Ci, ran Yong, Zai Yu, Yan Yan Yan and Zhong you.At the end of the corridor is a terrace, which is 1.4 meters high, 21.8 meterslong from east to west, and 14 meters wide from north to south. It is surroundedby stone railings. In front of the terrace are two dragon play pearls and Danbistones, and on both sides are stone lamps. The terrace is a place for sacrifice,singing and dancing. In the middle of the terrace is a bronze statue ofConfucius. In front of the bronze statue is an iron censer, engraved with thetitle of "supreme saint and forerunner". With a height of 4.18 meters and aweight of 2.37 tons, the bronze statue is the largest one in the Confuciantemples in China. On both sides of the terrace, there used to be two verandahs,which were used to worship the memorial tablets of the 72 sages of Confucius andto store sacrificial, ceremonial and dancing utensils. Now they are reduced tosmall two verandahs and changed into stele corridors. There are more than 30steles with ink marks of famous calligraphers such as Zhao Puchu, Lin Sanzhi andWu Zhongqi for tourists to enjoy.
Dacheng Hall (2 minutes)
Dacheng hall is the landmark of Confucius Temple, 16.22 meters high, 27.3meters wide and 27.9 meters deep. The words "Dacheng hall" are written on thesea blue vertical plaque under the front eaves. There is a standing sculpture oftwo dragons playing with pearls on the roof of Dacheng hall, which is the firstof its kind in China. The light and beautiful style of the roof covered withgreen tiles is obviously different from that of the northern Confucius Templewith yellow glazed tiles. It is more easygoing and popular, which is one of themanifestations of Nanjing Confucius Temple closer to folk culture. In the centerof the hall, there is the largest portrait of Confucius in China. On the top ofthe portrait are three plaques, all of which are written by emperors of pastdynasties. They are "model of the world" by Kangxi, "with heaven and earth" byQianlong, and "Si Wen Zai Zi" by Guangxu. In front of the portrait stand fourstudents of Confucius, namely Mencius, Kongji, Zengshen and Yanhui. In front ofthe portrait are ancient musical instruments such as Qin, guzheng and drum. Onthe walls around, there are 38 inlaid murals reflecting Confucius' life anddeeds, which are "the picture of Confucius' miracles", carved by 200 craftsmenin Yueqing, Zhejiang Province, using famous jade, chicken blood jelly, Shoushanstone, gold, jewelry and other precious ornaments from Zhejiang, Fujian, InnerMongolia, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places. The total investment is 5.8million yuan, and the current value is more than 100 million yuan The 38 muralsare: the picture of the holy trace, the preface of the title, the prayer ofNishan, the book of Qilin jade, the two dragons and five elders, etc.
Inscriptions (1 minute)
From Dacheng hall, the ancient well on the right is Yutu spring. Accordingto records, Yutu spring was discovered and excavated by Qin Hui. Beside thespring stands the stele of raising money for imperial examinations, whichrecords the history of Li Hongzhang and Zuo Zongtang's donation of examinees'fees to Beijing in the period of Liangjiang governor. On the other side, thereare four steles, the most famous of which is the stele of Confucius asking forrites, which was carved in the Southern Dynasty. It records the story ofConfucius seeking for rites from Laozi in Luoyang, the city where the emperorlived from the state of Lu to the state of Zhou, when slavery was about tocollapse at the end of the spring and Autumn period. In addition, it is the onlythree steles in Nanjing, namely, the stele of Jiqing Confucius Temple and thestele of fengzhishengfu The stele of man and the stele of FengSi.
A school: school gate (30 seconds), Mingde Hall (1 minute 30 seconds),Zunjing Pavilion and its surroundings (1 minute)
The academy is located in the rear of Dacheng hall. It is inscribed on thelintel of the gate in the south by Zeng Guofan, and on the lintel of the gate inthe north by Qin Dashi, the number one scholar in the southeast. Entering thegate of the Academy, you can see a bell and a drum standing in the two pavilionson the left and right. On the forehead of the pavilions are the words "Xi Li"and "Yang Sheng", which were used by scholars to worship Confucius in ancienttimes.
Facing the gate of the school is Mingde hall, whose name is inscribed byWen Tianxiang. Mingde hall is the place where students gather. After thepilgrimage every month, students gather here to teach their tutors to preach theholy doctrine and the imperial edict, so as to cultivate their loyalty andpatriotism. Ming De Tang was originally named "Ming Lun Tang". When the yuanarmy was about to conquer Nanjing, Wen Tianxiang changed "Ming Lun Tang" to"Ming De Tang" by hand in order to show his determination to die rather thansurrender and his ambition to serve the country and the people.
The Zunjing Pavilion behind Mingde hall is three stories high, with doubleeaves and T-shaped ridges on the top of the mountain. It was a lecture hallwhere Confucian classics were stored and lectures were given. Now it is a museumof folk customs. Standing side by side with Zunjing pavilion are Chongshengtemple and Qingyun tower. Zunjing academy is divided into two sides behindZunjing Pavilion. Chongsheng temple was originally dedicated to Confucius'ancestors, but now it is pear garden. Qingyun building was changed into alibrary in the Qing Dynasty. Zunjing academy is a place for lectures, which isequivalent to the present classroom. The small highland behind Zunjing Pavilionis called Weishan, with Jingyi pavilion built. The so-called "Jingyi" is thedevotion to Confucianism.
Other (1 minute)
Ladies and gentlemen, the Confucius Temple is prosperous during the day,and the Confucius Temple at night is even more colorful! As early as thenorthern and Southern Dynasties, there was a Jinling Lantern Festival on theQinhuai River, and it reached its peak in the Ming Dynasty. The Qinhuai River inthe sound of oars and lights is unique in the world. Today's Confucius Templefollows the Huizhou architectural style of "blue brick, small tile, horse headwall, cloister with falling flowers and windows". When tourists come here, theycan not only appreciate the traditional culture, but also taste the uniqueQinhuai snacks, explore the legend of Qinhuai Bayan, enjoy the scenery on bothsides of the Strait by Qinhuai boat, or explore the traces of celebrities suchas Wuyi lane, former residence of Wang Dao xie'an and former residence of LiXiangjun. This is the end of my explanation. Thank you!
B Gongyuan front street, Mingyuan building (1 minute 30 seconds)
Now we come to the front street of Gongyuan. There are six statues standingin the street. They are all talented people from all dynasties. They are TangYin, Wu Chengen, Zheng Banqiao, Wu Jingzi, Lin Zexu and Zhang Jian. On the eastside of the sculpture, there are 11 stone tablets, which record the rise andfall of the Gongyuan, as well as the praise, evaluation and chanting ofemperors, ministers and celebrities. In front of the front street is theGongyuan, on which there are couplets inscribed by Li Yu. It was built in theSouthern Song Dynasty and is specially used for holding imperial examinations.At first, the number of examinees was small and the scale was not large. It wasonly used for the examination of government and county schools. When the numberof examinees increased, it even needed to borrow temples as temporaryexamination rooms. In the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, the Gongyuan wasrebuilt. Later, the scale of Nanjing Gongyuan continued to expand. When it wasofficially named "Jiangnan Gongyuan" in the Qing Dynasty, it reached anunprecedented trend, starting from yaojiaxiang in the East, In the west, thereare more than 20000 houses, bordering on the Qinhuai River in the South andJiankang road in the north. After the Republic of China, Gongyuan was neglected.Until today, only Mingyuan building has been preserved as a historical relic.Mingyuan building was used for warning and giving orders in the past imperialexaminations. In the arch on the first floor, there are stone tablets of Ming,Qing and Republic of China, which record the rise and fall of Jiangnan Gongyuanin detail and effectively preserve the scene of imperial examination hall infeudal times. In the 1980s, the relevant departments established "JiangnanGongyuan exhibition hall" here.
Dormitory (1 minute)
Now more than 40 houses have been restored in Gongyuan. In the order ofthousand characters, the houses are 6 feet high, 4 feet deep and 3 feet wide,with an area of no more than 1.5 square meters. There are only two boards ondisplay. Examinees have to stay in it for 9 days and have three exams. Eating,drinking and sleeping are all here. During the day, they answer questions on thechopping board, and at night, they close their clothes and sleep on the choppingboard. We can imagine the hardships of the examination in those years. In thewest side of Gongyuan, wax figures were used to show the examinees' attitudes.In the east side was the tourist experience area. Interested friends canexperience it.
To court (1 minute 30 seconds)
The imperial examination began in the Sui and Tang Dynasties and ended inthe late Qing Dynasty, which lasted for 1300 years. In the Ming and QingDynasties, it gradually formed four levels of examination, namely, children'sexamination, rural examination, general examination and palace examination. The"Zhigong hall" you can see in front of you used to be the public land run by theexaminers. The word "Zhigong" means "fair, just and equal". Now it is theimperial examination exhibition room, which is divided into three exhibitionhalls: East, West and East. In the middle of the exhibition hall is the imperialexamination culture exhibition room, in which there is a sculpture of Kuixing'sfighting and monopolizing the first place. The horizontal shape next to it showsthe situation of No It's often spectacular. The pictures and materials on thewalls around introduce the origin and development of China's imperialexamination system. The number one scholar hall on the east side displays a listof the number one scholar in China. On the west side is the hall of fame, whichdisplays celebrities related to Jiangnan Gongyuan, as well as some pictures andmaterials related to the imperial examination.
This concludes the explanation of Confucius Temple. Thank you!